The Republic of Ragusa: An Episode of the Turkish ConquestVillari, Luigi
History
The Republic of Ragusa: An Episode of the Turkish Conquest
Villari, Luigi
Dubrovnik (Croatia) -- History
As soon as the internal affairs of the Republic were settled the
citizens proceeded to regulate their relations with their Slavonic
neighbours. At this time the Banus of Bosnia, Ninoslav, was animated by
friendly feelings towards Ragusa. In 1234 he had signed a treaty with
the count confirming the privileges granted by Čulin in 1189. On March
22, 1240, he paid a solemn visit to the city with a splendid retinue of
nobles, and renewed the old treaties with the following proclamation:
“It was the will of our Lord Jesus Christ, and I, Matthew Ninoslav,
the Grand Banus of Bosnia, had the good thought of coming to Ragusa to
my old friends the nobles and commons; I came with my magnates, and
we found Niccolò Tonisto, the Count of Ragusa. I, with my magnates,
made oath to him of eternal peace and friendship.” He adds: “My
subjects and my people and my officers shall love you, and with true
faith protect you from the wicked.” He granted them full commercial
freedom throughout his Banate. He alludes to a dispute between Stephen
Vladislav, King of Servia, and promises not to abandon them should they
actually have to make war. This treaty was renewed in 1249.[121]
The next few years were peaceful, save for a small religious dispute,
and Ragusa continued to develop her resources quietly. The new Count,
Niccolò Tonisto, however, complained to the Pope that the Archbishop
Arrengerius was a Roman and not a Venetian,[122] and even accused him
of heresy because he had consecrated a priest of Patarene tendencies
as Bishop of Bosnia. Arrengerius was thereupon translated elsewhere,
and succeeded by a Venetian named John, to whom the diocese of Antivari
was assigned as well,[123] much to the gratification of the Ragusans.
The clergy and congregation of this second diocese, however, were not
so pleased, and refused to recognise his authority. John’s attempts to
compel obedience only resulted in inducing Stephen Uroš, surnamed the
Great, King of Servia, to take up the quarrel of Antivari and make a
raid on Ragusan territory (1252). Uroš complained that the Ragusans
were strengthening their fortifications—a very natural precaution—and
on this pretext attacked the city. The new count Marsilio (or Marino)
Giorgi[124] was sent as Venetian ambassador to expostulate with
him, but on reaching Ragusa he refused to proceed further, and two
citizens were sent in his stead.[125] The latter proceeded to stir up
and doubtless bribe Uroš’s vassals, so that he thought it best for
the present to renew their privileges, but hostilities soon broke out
again. The Ragusans made an alliance with Michael, the Bulgarian Tsar,
and with Radoslav, Count of Hlum, against the Serbs which brought Uroš
to reason, and in 1254 the differences were settled by _stanico_.[126]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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