Character of the French Revolution of 1848.--Its unlikeness to the revolutions in the rest of Europe.--Position of South German States.--Würtemberg.--Bavaria.--Baden.--Struve and Hecker.--The Offenburg Meeting.--Bassermann's Motion.--The procession to Carlsruhe.--The risings in Würtemberg--in Bavaria--in the small States--in Saxony.--Effect of French and German risings in Vienna.--Kossuth's speech of March 3.--Its importance.--Its effect on Vienna.--Dr. Löhner's Motion.--The "Eleven Points."--Effect of the reform movement on the rulers of Austria.--The Meeting at Heidelberg.--Heinrich von Gagern.--Division between Students and Professors in Vienna.--The deputation of March 12.--The meeting of March 13.--The "first free word."--The "Estates."--The insurrection.--The workmen's movement.--Pollet.--The fall of Metternich.--Intrigues of Windischgrätz and the Camarilla.--Kossuth in Vienna.--Austria "on the path of progress."--The insurrection in Berlin.--Its character and success.--Bohemia in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.--Policy of Ferdinand II. and III.--of Maria Theresa--of Joseph II.--The language question.--The March movement in Prague.--Gabler.--Peter Faster.--The language revives.--The first meeting at the Wenzel's-bad.--The two petitions.--The mission to Vienna.--Contrast of Metternich's treatment of Lombardy with that of other parts of the Empire.--The secret proclamations.--The final concessions.--Augusto Anfossi.--His programme.--The rising of the 18th of March.--The appeal to O'Donnell.--The "Five Days."--Flight of Radetzky.--Difference of Venetian movement from the other movements.--Manin's imprisonment and its effects.--His release.--The Civic Guard.--Death of Marinovich.--Magyars and Croats.--Venice free.--Palffy's treachery.--General summary of the March risings.