The Revolutionary Movement of 1848-9 in Italy, Austria-Hungary, and Germany: With Some Examination of the Previous Thirty-three YearsMaurice, C. Edmund (Charles Edmund)
History
The Revolutionary Movement of 1848-9 in Italy, Austria-Hungary, and Germany: With Some Examination of the Previous Thirty-three Years
Maurice, C. Edmund (Charles Edmund)
Europe -- History -- 1848-1849; Revolutions -- Europe
In the meantime, the attitude of the Croatians was alarming the
Hungarian Diet. As mentioned above, they had determined from the first
to claim a separate Assembly for Croatia, Slavonia, and Dalmatia, and
also a separate national guard. Kossuth and some of his friends seemed
more disposed, at this time, to make concessions to the Croats than to
the Serbs. But the bitter struggles of 1843 to 1846 had destroyed the
hope of smoothing over the breach with soft words; and, even while
Kossuth was promising to sanction the use of the Croatian language in
Croatian affairs and to protect their nationality, he was at the same
time denouncing their separatist tendencies as shown in their desire
for a separate Assembly. The Croatians, on their part, resented
fiercely the visit of certain youths from Pesth, who came to demand
their acceptance of the "twelve points." The growing sympathy between
the different subject-races of Hungary had led the Croats to protest
against the proposal to absorb Transylvania in Hungary. The question
of the abolition of the forced labour of the peasants, and of the
introduction of peasant proprietorship, was complicated in Croatia by
the existence of village communities which managed the land on the old
tribal system; and therefore the Croats maintained that it was
impossible to pass the same land laws for Hungary and for Croatia.
The question of religious equality was connected in the minds of
the Croats with the fear of an invasion by Magyar Protestants to
denationalize Croatia. But the great cause of the Croatian dislike to
the "twelve points" lay not so much in their objection to any
particular reform as in their resentment at the arrogant attempt to
thrust upon them whole-sale formulas concocted at Buda-Pesth. On the
other hand, the Magyars considered that they had a special grievance,
both against the Croats and against the Emperor, in the sanction which
Ferdinand had given on March 23, without waiting for Magyar approval,
to the election of Joseph Jellaciç as Ban of Croatia. Jellaciç was
colonel in one of the regiments stationed on that military frontier
which was specially under the control of Vienna; and he was chiefly
known for his share in a not very successful campaign in Bosnia; while
rumour connected his appointment with the favour of the Archduchess
Sophia. This appointment, therefore, was doubly distasteful to the
Hungarian Diet, as being at once an exercise of court influence and an
assertion of the independence of Croatia against the power of the
Magyars.
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