The foreign War so employ'd the _Spanish_ Forces, that the _Portuguese_ had always the advantage over them, and they drove them still farther from their Frontiers. The King might easily at that time have enter'd into the very Center of _Castile_, had he had a good General, and disciplin'd Soldiers; but his Army was chiefly compos'd of Militia, fitter to make sudden Incursions into the Enemy's Country, than to bear the Fatigue of a regular Campaign. Another thing that hinder'd his making a greater Progress with his Army, was, that he had not Money enough to pay them, and consequently not Forces enough on foot; for as at his coming to the Crown, he had taken off all Taxes from the People, that they might the better relish his Government, and had only his own Estate to defray the Expences of the War; nor would he ever venture to lay new Taxes upon them. But this Want of his was partly recompens'd by the Necessity of _Spain_, who at that time had no better Generals than the _Portuguese_, and whose Treasures, towards the latter end of _Philip_ the Fourth's Reign, were exhausted. On the sixth of _November_, 1656. died this Prince: in all the Encomiums and Panegyricks made upon him by the _Portuguese_, he is celebrated for his Piety and Moderation. Foreign Historians upbraid him with Cowardice, and report, that he always distrusted both himself and others; that it was a difficult point, especially for the Grandees, to get Access to him; and that he was free with no one but his ancient domestick Servants, especially with one that was always in company with his Confessor. In short, from what we can gather of his Life, he was a peaceable and religious Prince, and endow'd with Qualities which would better have became a private Gentleman than a Monarch; so that we can attribute his being rais'd to the Throne only to the inveterate Hate which the _Portuguese_ bore the _Castilians_, and to the Ambition, Courage, and Counsels of his Queen, whom by his last Will he nam'd Regent of the Kingdom during his Son's Minority; not doubting but that one who could raise herself to a Throne, would not want Courage to preserve it for her Children. He left behind him two Sons and a Daughter; the elder of the Sons was Don _Alphonso_, of a peevish and melancholy Temper, who had quite lost the Use of one Side, and was at the time of his Father's Death near thirteen Years old: Don _Pedro_, the younger, was but eight: Donna _Catharina_ their Sister, was older than either of them, and was born before the Revolution.