[273:1] _Imper. Decr. de Cultu Imag._, 618, ed., Goldast, Frankf., 1608. [273:2] Greg. of Tours, _Mirac._, i., 22, 23; _Apol._ in Act 4, _Conc. Nic._, ii.; Labb. vii., 240. [273:3] _Apol._ in _Act 4_, _Conc. Nic._, ii.; Labb., vii., 237. [274:1] Book ix., Letter 52. [274:2] _Epist. ad eund._, ix., 9. See _Ep._, vii., 111. [274:3] _On Holy Images_, ii., 747. [275:1] _Adv. Her._, i., c. 25, § 6. [275:2] _De Spect._, c. 23; _Adv. Herm._, c. 1; _De Idolatr._, c. 4. [275:3] _Pratrept._, c. 4, § 62; _Strom._, vii., c. 5, § 28. [275:4] _Adv. Celsus_, iv., § 31; viii., § 17. [275:5] _Octav._, c. 9. [275:6] _Instit._, ii., c. 2; _Epit._, c. 25. [275:7] _Adv. Gent._, iii. [276:1] Can. 36; Mansi, ii., 264. See Hefele, i., 151. [276:2] _Dict. of Christian Biog._, 198; Mansi, xiii., 313. [276:3] _De Fide et Symbolo_, c. 7. [276:4] Migne, ii., 517-527. [276:5] Kurtz, i., 364. [276:6] Fleury, l., xxx., 18. [276:7] _Ib._, l., xxx., 39. See Smith and Cheetham, art "Images." [276:8] Bk. xi., Ep. 13. Read Neander, iii., 199 ff. [277:1] These images were mosaics, frescoes, and movable flat icons like those found in the East to-day. It is very unlikely that statues were used in this early period. [277:2] Finlay, i., 387; ii., 27-29. [277:3] In 722 he ordered the Jews and Montanists to be baptised by force. [278:1] Hefele, iii., 376. [278:2] Neander, iii., 213. [279:1] Mansi, xii., 267. [279:2] Thatcher and McNeal, _A Source Book for Mediæval History_, No. 41; _Dict. of Christ. Biog._, art. on Leo III.; Mansi, xii., 960. [279:3] Mansi, xii., 959; Hefele, iii., 389-404. Milman quotes this letter as the first, ii., bk. 4, ch. 7. [279:4] _Orat._, ii., § 10. [279:5] Finlay, ii., 36. [280:1] Thatcher and McNeal, No. 42. [280:2] _Ibid._, No. 43. [281:1] The Greek Church regards this as the seventh œcumenical council. Finlay, ii., 57. [281:2] Hefele, iii., 421. [282:1] Neander, iii., 228; Hefele, iii., 460, 549; Schlosser, 279. [282:2] Mansi, xiii., 378; Hefele, iii., 486. [282:3] Session xxv., Dec., 1563; Schaff, _Creeds_, ii. See _Cath. Encyc._ [283:1] See Smith and Cheetham, art. on "Images," for brief extracts in English; Mombert, ch. 12. [283:2] Schaff, iv., § 104; Neander, iii., 233; Gieseler, ii., 66; Hefele, iii., 694. [283:3] Gieseler, ii., 67; Hardwick, 78. [283:4] Mansi, xiv., 415; Hefele, iv., 41. [283:5] Schaff, iv., § 105. [284:1] See Greenwood, _Cathedra Petri_, iii., 348-423; Milman, bk. v., ch. 4; Neander, iii., 553-586; Gieseler, ii., 216. The Sources are given in Mansi, xvi., and Hardouin, v.-vi. [285:1] This remarkable letter is given in full in Baronius, ed. by Pagi, ann. 867, note to § 4. Parts are translated in Greenwood, _Cathedra Petri_, iii., 364-371. [286:1] Howard, _Schism between the Orthodox and West. Churches_, Lond., 1802. [286:2] The Eastern Church uses only the "icon," a flat representation. CHAPTER XIV RELATION OF THE CHURCH AND STATE UP TO THE DISSOLUTION OF THE CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE