Adams, ch. 10. Allen, ii., ch. 3. Alzog, ii., 228-241. Bouzique, ii., bk. 3, ch. 1. Butler, ch. 63-65. Creighton, i., ch. 1, pp. 11-16. Döllinger, iii., ch. 3, sec. 2-3; ch. 5. Emerton, ch. 7. Fisher, pd. 5, ch. 3. Foulkes, ch. 11. Gieseler. Gilmartin, i., ch. 41, 42. Guericke. Hase, sec. 177-180. Hurst, i., 473, 701, 739, 753. Jennings, i., ch. 10; ii., ch. 11. Kurtz, sec. 92, 96, 97, 98. Milman, ii., bk. 5, p. 409. Milner, cent. 9, ch. 3; cent. 11, ch. 2; cent. 12, cent. 13. Moeller. Neander, iii., 346-456. Newman. Riddle, ii., ch. 4, 5. Robertson, bk. 4, ch. 6; bk. 5, ch. 1. Schaff, pd. 4, ch. 4, sec. 63-66. Tout, ch. 5. FOOTNOTES: [418:1] See Chapter XVI. [418:2] The Pope's wife was still living at the time of his election. His daughter, a maiden of forty, was abducted by the son of Bishop Aresenius. When threatened with punishment, the abductor murdered the Pope's wife and daughter. See Schaff, iv., 277. [419:1] Robinson, _Readings_, i., 245. [419:2] Alzog, ii., § 187; Hefele, iv., 575; Gregorovius, iii., 282; Pertz, v., 297; Migne, vol. 136, 827, 852; Robinson, _Readings_, i., 251. [419:3] See Chapter XVII. [420:1] See Chapter XVII. [420:2] Jaffé, 50; Hefele, iv., 707. [420:3] Bömer, _Regesta_, v., 3. See Hauck, iii., 57-59. But it must be remembered that among these wicked Popes there appeared here and there a Pope distinguished for purity of life. Such were John IX. (898-900), Benedict IV. (900-903), Anastasius III. (911-913), Leo VI. (928-929). [421:1] Gieseler, ii., 332. [421:2] Mansi, xviii., 270. [421:3] Alzog, ii., § 200. [422:1] Alzog, ii., § 200. [423:1] Greenwood, bk. ix., ch. 3. [423:2] _Ibid._, bk. x., ch. 1. [424:1] Read his address to the Council of Pavia in Fisher, _Mediæval Empire_, ii., 68. _Cf._ Greenwood, bk. ix., ch. 3, 4. [424:2] Clement II., Damascus II., Leo IX., Victor II. Thatcher and McNeal, No. 57. [425:1] Robinson, _Readings_, i., 259. [425:2] Migne, vol. 139, p. 85; Olleris, _Œuvres de Gerbert_. [425:3] _Mon. Ger. Hist._, ii., 561. [426:1] _Mon. Ger. Hist._, iii., 658. [426:2] Milman, ii., 491. [426:3] _Ibid._ [426:4] Milman, ii., 493; Schaff, iv., 290. [426:5] Milman, ii., 496. [426:6] Thatcher and McNeal, No. 56. [427:1] Mansi, xix., 625. [427:2] Migne, vol. 120, p. 9-166; _Mon. Ger. Hist._, iv., 616; Neander, iii., 420; Butler, _Lives of the Saints_. [427:3] Hook, _Lives of Archbishops of Canterbury_; Green, _Conquest of England_; _Dictionary of National Biography_; Milman, bk. viii, ch. 1; Butler, _Lives of the Saints_; Lea, _History of Sacerdotal Celibacy_. [428:1] Henderson, 329; Ogg, § 42. [428:2] Maitland, _Dark Ages_. [429:1] Duckett, _Charters and Records Illust. of the Eng. Foundations of the Ancient Abbey of Clugny_ (1077-1534). [429:2] Migne, vol. 144, p. 953; Mabillon, iii., iv.