The ritual and significance of the Winnebago medicine danceRadin, Paul
Religion
The ritual and significance of the Winnebago medicine dance
Radin, Paul
Thesis (Ph. D.); Winnebago Indians -- Rites and ceremonies
In the Purrah we are dealing with an exceedingly intricate complex,
in which military and judicial functions are quite prominent. The age
factor seems secondary and artificial. In the Egbo there is no age
factor at all. In the Ruku-Ruku an age factor exists. Owing to the
social value of the Ruku-Ruku, all individuals seem to be potential
members at birth. At the same time, the oldest members always have
specific functions to perform. In this way two groups are formed.
Those who do not belong to these two groups belong to the third group.
All that can be said here is, that a society has utilized a rough
age factor for specific purposes. That in reality the entire tribe
is divided into three divisions, is due to the fact that all the
members of the tribe are members of the society. This is therefore
not a phenomenon that has any general significance in the evolution
of society, but is purely and simply a phenomenon of certain secret
societies. The threefold division is not due to a persistence of a
former threefold division of the tribe, but grew out of the needs of
a specific society. The same remarks hold for the twofold division
of members in the Purrah. Similarly the four and eight degrees found
among the Ojibwa Midewiwin are due to a development within the
society. To-day practically all the members of the tribe belong to the
Midewiwin, and the tribe may be said to be divided into four divisions.
(However, in this case the main element, that of the association of a
certain age with a certain degree, does not exist, because there is no
fixed age at which a man buys admission into the higher degrees.)
It will consequently be necessary to determine the significance of
degrees in each particular case before any general significance can be
attached to them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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