Preller, 1. 366; Marquardt, 334; Schwegler, _Röm. Gesch._ ii. 46; Roscher, _Apollo und Mars_, 64 foll. Footnote 1061: _Mythologische Forschungen_, 156-201. Footnote 1062: _de Feriis_, ix. Footnote 1063: I add this (see on Vestalia). Mannhardt had not handled it. Footnote 1064: Levit. 23 fin. Footnote 1065: Had they referred to the crops of the next season we might have expected ‘ob _bonum_ frugum eventum.’ Footnote 1066: So Wissowa, _de Feriis_, ix. He thinks that it was only an attempt to explain the _panes_: but he is wrong in insisting that the Vestalia (where, as we saw, the same decoration occurs) had _nothing_ to do with ‘frugum eventus.’ Footnote 1067: To me it looks as if some words had dropped out of the text, perhaps after the word _eventum_; see the passage quoted above, p. 242, note 1. Footnote 1068: Given in Mannhardt’s next section, p. 169. Footnote 1069: See under May 15 (Argei). Footnote 1070: Mannhardt has not suggested what seems not impossible, that the horse represented Mars himself—in which case we might allow that Mars was, among other things, a vegetation deity. Footnote 1071: See his language at the top of p. 164. Footnote 1072: He ingeniously suggests that these cases of decapitation may be explained by the old custom of cutting off the corn-ears so as to leave almost the whole of the stalk. (See his _Korndämonen_, p. 35.) That this method existed in Latium seems proved by a passage in Livy, 22. 1 ‘Antii metentibus cruentas in corbem spicas cecidisse.’ Footnote 1073: Dion. Hal. i. 33, who compares an Arcadian Hippokrateia. Footnote 1074: Op. cit. p. 182. Footnote 1075: See _Golden Bough_, i. 68 foll., and Mannhardt, _A. W. F._ 214 foll. Footnote 1076: Mannhardt, _A. W. F._ l. c. Footnote 1077: Mannhardt, _Baumkultus_, 167. Footnote 1078: p. 185 foll. The tail in Roman ritual was ‘offa penita.’ Marq. 335, note 1. Footnote 1079: In Silesia, &c., the word is _Zâl_, _Zôl_, which I suppose = tail. Footnote 1080: _Golden Bough_, ii. 65. Jevons, Introduction to Plut. _Q. R._ p. lxix. He quotes an example from Africa. Footnote 1081: Robertson Smith, _Religion of the Semites_, Lect. ix. In this case, according to M., it was the life of the Corn-spirit—so of generation in general. Footnote 1082: Schwegler, _R. G._ i. 739; Ambrosch, _Studien_, 200 foll. Footnote 1083: Evidence for this in Liv. i 2; Serv. _Aen._ 9. 274. Footnote 1084: See e. g. Crooke’s _Folklore of Northern India_, vol. ii. pp. 176 and 321. Crooke looks on these fights (he should have said, the possession of the object which is the cause of the fight) as charms for rain or fertility. So in the plains of N.-W. India, ‘plenty is supposed to follow the side which is victorious.’ Footnote 1085: