Curio legitimis nunc Fornacalia verbis
Maximus indicit, nec stata sacra facit;
Inque foro, multa circum pendente tabella,
Signatur certa curia quaeque nota:
Stultaque pars populi, quae sit sua curia, nescit,
Sed facit extrema sacra relata die.
It should be noted that no certain connexion can be made out between
Quirinus and curia, and I imagine it was only accident or convenience
that made this day the last of the Fornacalia[1362]. Ovid’s words ‘nec
stata sacra facit’ seem to me to imply that the Curio Maximus carefully
abstained from using a formula of announcement likely to confuse the
‘stultorum feriae’ with the Quirinalia, which was always on the same
day. But it may well have been the case that by usage the two coincided.
Ovid’s lines make it clear that on the 17th (as a rule) the Forum was
the scene of a general meeting of curiae, each of which had a certain
space assigned it, indicated by a placard. Is it possible that this was
merely a survival of the assembly of the armed host in comitia curiata,
now used only for religious purposes? If so, the tendency to fix it on
the festival of Quirinus might find a natural explanation.
The meaning and object of the Fornacalia are very far from being clear.
Preller[1363] fancied it was the occasion of the first eating of the
fruits of the last harvest: but it is hardly possible to imagine this
postponed as late as February. On the other hand Dionysius’
description[1364], already quoted, of what he saw in the curiae, would
suit this well enough if it could be set down to a suitable time of
year: it suggests a common meal, in which the first fruits are offered
to the god, while the worshippers eat of the new grain. But this cannot
have been in February. Steuding (in the _Lex._) suggests that the object
was to thank the gods for preserving the corn through the winter, and to
pray for the welfare of the seed still in the ground (i. e. in a
lustratio). Ovid says (though Steuding does not quote him)
Facta dea est Fornax: laeti Fornace coloni
Orant, ut fruges temperet illa suas[1365].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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