The Roman History of Ammianus Marcellinus: During the Reigns of the Emperors Constantius, Julian, Jovianus, Valentinian, and ValensAmmianus Marcellinus
History
The Roman History of Ammianus Marcellinus: During the Reigns of the Emperors Constantius, Julian, Jovianus, Valentinian, and Valens
Ammianus Marcellinus
Rome -- History -- Empire, 284-476
22. And at a small distance from them are some monuments of heroes,
where Sthenelus, Idmon, and Tiphys are buried, the first being that one
of Hercules's comrades who was mortally wounded in the war with the
Amazons; the second the soothsayer of the Argonauts; the third the
skilful pilot of the crew.
23. After passing by the aforesaid districts, we come to the cave Aulon,
and the river of Callichorus, which derives its name from the fact that
when Bacchus, having subdued the nations of India in a three years' war,
came into those countries, he chose the green and shady banks of this
river for the re-establishment of his ancient orgies and dances; and
some think that such festivals as these were those called
Trieterica.[126]
24. Next to these frontiers come the famous cantons of the Camaritæ, and
the Phasis, which with its roaring streams reaches the Colchi, a race
descended from the Egyptians; among whom, besides other cities, is one
called Phasis from the name of the river; and Dioscurias,[127] still
famous, which is said to have been founded by the Spartans Amphitus and
Cercius, the charioteers of Castor and Pollux; from whom the nation of
Heniochi[128] derives its origin.
25. At a little distance from these are the Achæi, who after some
earlier Trojan war, and not that which began about Helen, as some
authors have affirmed, were driven into Pontus by foul winds, and, as
all around was hostile, so that they could nowhere find a settled abode,
they always stationed themselves on the tops of snowy mountains; and,
under the pressure of an unfavourable climate they contracted a habit of
living on plunder in contempt of all danger; and thus became the most
ferocious of all nations. Of the Cercetæ, who lie next to them, nothing
is known worth speaking of.
26. Behind them lie the inhabitants of the Cimmerian Bosphorus, living
in cities founded by the Milesiani, the chief of which is Panticapæum,
which is on the Bog a river of great size, both from its natural waters
and the streams which fall into it.
27. Then for a great distance the Amazons stretch as far as the Caspian
sea; occupying the banks of the Don, which rises in Mount Caucasus, and
proceeds in a winding course, separating Asia from Europe, and falls
into the swampy sea of Azov.
28. Near to this is the Rha, on the banks of which grows a vegetable of
the same name, which is useful as a remedy for many diseases.
29. Beyond the Don, taking the plain in its width, lie the Sauromatæ,
whose land is watered by the never-failing rivers Maræcus, Rhombites,
Theophanes, and Totordanes. And there is at a vast distance another
nation also known as Sauromatæ, touching the shore at the point where
the river Corax falls into the sea.
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