[Footnote 277: 'This act was not worthy of you, Chaerea: for even if it is quite fitting that I should receive such an insult, it was not fitting that it should come from you.'] [Footnote 278: 'I am not so wanting in natural feeling or so unschooled in its ways as not to know what love is capable of.'] [Footnote 279: E. g. Andria, 115-136; 282-298; Heauton Timorumenos, 273-301.] [Footnote 280: The original of such expressions as--'Appone lucro;' 'Dulce est desipere in loco;' 'Rimosa quae deponuntur in aure;' 'Qua parte debacchentur ignes;' 'Cena dubia;' 'Paucorum hominum et mentis bene sanae;' 'Quam sapere et ringi;' 'Quid non ebrietas designat;'--and others, are to be found in Terence.] [Footnote 281: Eunuch. A. i. 1; cf. Hor. Sat. ii. 3, 260, etc.] [Footnote 282: 414, etc.] [Footnote 283: 'Then I bid him look into the lives of men as into a mirror, and to form for himself an example from others.' 'Do this.' _Sy._ 'Quite right.' _De._ 'Avoid this.' _Sy._ 'Cleverly said.' _De._ 'This is honourable.' _Sy._ 'That is it.' _De._ 'This is discreditable.'] [Footnote 284: Quint. x. 1, 100.] CHAPTER VIII. EARLY ROMAN SATIRE--C. LUCILIUS, DIED 102 B.C. Poetical satire, as a branch of cultivated literature, arose out of the social and political circumstances, and the moral and literary conditions of Roman life in the last half of the second century B.C. The tone by which that form of poetry has been characterised, in ancient and modern times, is derived from the genius and temper of a remarkable man, belonging to that era, and from the spirit in which he regarded the world. C. Lucilius invented satire, by first imparting a definite purpose to an inartistic kind of metrical composition, in which miscellaneous topics had been treated in accordance with the occasional mood or interests of the writer. Although the satire of Lucilius was rude and unfinished, and evidently retained much of the vague general character belonging to the satura of Ennius, yet he was undoubtedly the first Roman writer who used his materials with the aim and in the manner which poetical satire has permanently assumed. The indigenous satura existing at Rome before the rise of regular literature had been merged partly in the Latin comedy of Naevius, Plautus, Caecilius, etc., partly in the metrical miscellanies of Ennius and Pacuvius, which, though not written for the stage, retained the name of the old scenic medley. The new satire differed from Latin comedy in form and style, and in the personal and national aims which it set before itself. The satire of Lucilius, and even that of Horace, retained many features in common with the desultory medley which Ennius had formed out of the older satura. But the latter was the parent of no permanent form of literary art. The miscellanies of Varro, the most famous work produced on this model, were composed partly in prose and partly in verse, and were never ranked by the Romans among their poetical works.