The Roman Poets of the Republic, 2nd editionSellar, W. Y. (William Young)
History
The Roman Poets of the Republic, 2nd edition
Sellar, W. Y. (William Young)
Latin poetry -- History and criticism
Lucretius does not enforce his moral teaching on the systematic plan
on which his physical philosophy is discussed. His view of human life
is sometimes presented as it arises in the regular course of the
argument, at other times in highly finished digressions, interspersed
throughout the work with the view apparently of breaking its severe
monotony. These passages might be compared to the lyrical odes in a
Greek drama. They afford relief to the strained attention, and suggest
the close and permanent human interest involved in what is apparently
special, abstract, and remote. There is no necessary connexion between
the atomic theory of philosophy, and that view of the end and objects
of life which Lucretius derived from Epicurus. Although the moral
attitude of Epicurus was, in some respects, anticipated by Democritus,
Epicureanism really started from independent sources, viz., from the
later development of the ethical teaching of Socrates, and from the
personal circumstances and disposition of Epicurus. By the ordinary
Epicurean his philosophy was valued chiefly as affording a basis for
the denial of the doctrines of Divine Providence and of the immortality
of the soul. But there is a wide difference between ordinary
Epicureanism and that solemn view of human life which was revealed to
the world in the poem of Lucretius. The power which his speculative
philosophy exercised over his mind was one cause of this difference.
Although there is no necessary connexion between his philosophical
convictions and his ethical doctrines, yet the elevation of feeling
which he has imparted to the least elevated of all the moral systems
of antiquity may be in part accounted for by the influence of ideas
derived from the philosophy of Democritus.
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