The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd editionSellar, W. Y. (William Young)
History
The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd edition
Sellar, W. Y. (William Young)
Latin poetry -- History and criticism
We are less able to speak of his originality in the selection of
incidents and dramatic situations, in the general management of his
plots, and his conception of characters. Though more varied than
Terence in the subjects which he chooses for dramatic treatment, yet
there is great sameness, both of incident, development, and character,
in many of them. His favourite subject is a scheme by which a slave,
in the interests of his young master, and his mistress, cheats a
father, a mercenary captain, or a 'leno,' who are treated, though in
different degrees, as enemies of the human race and legitimate
objects of spoliation. Some of the best of his plays--the Pseudolus,
Bacchides, the Mostellaria, and the Miles Gloriosus--turn entirely
upon incidents of this kind--'frustrationes in comoediis' as they are
called. There is nothing on which the chief agent in such plots prides
himself so much as on his success 'in shearing,' 'planing away,'
or 'wiping the nose' of, his antagonist in the game: there is no
indignity about which the sense of honour is so sensitive as that of
having had 'words palmed off upon one,' and having thus been made an
object of ridicule. The invariable enlisting of sympathy in favour
of the cheat and against the dupe is a trait more illustrative of the
countrymen of Ulysses than of Fabricius; but the 'Tusci turba impia
vici' at Rome had, no doubt, their own native aptitude for cheating
and lying.
The 'Pseudolus' is perhaps the best and the most typical specimen of
a play the interest of which turns on this kind of intrigue. In it the
plot is skilfully worked out, the characters are conceived with the
greatest liveliness, and admirably sustained and contrasted, and the
incidents and motives on which the personages act are never strained
beyond the limits of probability. A more fastidious age might
have objected to the celebration by Pseudolus of his triumph, as
a grotesque excrescence: but it serves to bring out the sensual
geniality underlying the audacity and roguery of his character, in
contrast to the sensual brutality underlying the audacity and villainy
of Ballio. When we consider the vigorous life and even the art with
which the whole piece is worked out, we understand why Plautus, with
good reason, took, in his old age, especial pleasure in this play.
There is not much to offend a robust morality in the piece; for though
the result accomplished cannot be called the triumph of virtue
over vice, it is at least the triumph of a more amiable over a more
detestable form of depravity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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