The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd editionSellar, W. Y. (William Young)
History
The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd edition
Sellar, W. Y. (William Young)
Latin poetry -- History and criticism
Besides Epicurus and Empedocles Lucretius mentions Democritus and
Anaxagoras, and speaks even of those whom he confutes as 'making
many happy discoveries by divine inspiration,' and as 'uttering their
responses from the shrine of their own hearts with more holiness
and truth than the Pythia from the tripod and laurel of Apollo.'
The reverence which other men felt in presence of the ceremonies of
religion he feels in presence of the majesty of Nature; and to the
interpreters of her meaning he ascribes the holiness claimed by the
ministers of religion. Thus, to a doctrine of Democritus he applies
the words 'sancta viri sententia.' The divinest faculty in man is
that by which truth is discovered. The highest office of poetry is
to clothe the discoveries of thought with the charm of graceful
expression and musical verse[33].
Of other Greek authors, Homer and Euripides are those of whom we find
most traces in the poem. To the first he awards a high pre-eminence
above all other poets,--
Adde repertores doctrinarum atque leporum,
Adde Heliconiadum comites; quorum unus Homerus
Sceptra potitus eadem aliis sopitu' quietest[34].
The passages in which Lucretius imitates him show how clearly
he recognised his exact vision of outward things, and his true
appreciation of the moral strength and dignity of man. The frequent
imitations of Euripides[35] show that while he felt the spell of
his pathos, he was also attracted by the poetic mould into which the
tragic poet has cast the physical speculations of Anaxagoras. Allusion
is made in tones of indifference or disparagement to other poets of
Greece, as having, in common with the painters of former times, given
shape and substance to the superstitious fancies of mankind. It is
characteristic of his powerful and independent genius, that, unlike
the younger poets of his generation, he adheres to the older
writers of the great days of Greece, and acknowledges no debt to
the Alexandrine School. Although amply furnished with the knowledge
necessary for the performance of his task, he is a poet of original
genius much more than of learning and culture: and he is thus more
drawn to those who acted on him by a kindred power, than to those
who might have served him as models of poetic form or repertories of
poetic illustration. The strength of his understanding attracted him
to some of the great prose-writers of Greece, by whom that quality
is most conspicuously displayed; notably to Thucydides, whom he has
closely followed in his account of the 'Plague at Athens,' and, as has
been shown by Mr. Munro, to Hippocrates. The kind of attraction which
the last of these has for him confirms the criticism of Goethe, that
Lucretius shows the observing faculty of a physician, as well as of a
poet.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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