There are really three masses, the largest already referred to being ten
feet eleven inches long, six feet nine inches high, and five feet two
inches thick. It was called Ahnighito after the name of the daughter of
the explorer. The next larger mass weighing about three tons was named
“The Woman,” because the shape suggested the idea of a woman seated on
the ground with a babe in her arms and a shawl around her shoulders. The
third and smallest mass weighing about 1,000 pounds, was called “The
Dog,” and the three meteorites were known as a group to the Eskimo under
the name of “Saviksue,” or “The Great Irons.”
The Woman and The Dog were visited by Peary in 1894, and were obtained
the following year after much difficulty and exciting work, an incident
of which was the breaking up of the cake of ice on which The Woman had
been ferried from the shore to the ship, just as the mass was about to
be hoisted aboard. Fortunately there was enough tackle around the
meteorite to prevent its loss. In 1895 Commander Peary visited
Ahnighito, which lay on an island only four miles from the two smaller
masses, but he could do little toward its removal. The next year he made
another voyage for the purpose of getting the Great Iron, but was again
unsuccessful. This third attempt was made in 1897, when the meteorite
was brought in safety to New York in the ship _Hope_.
In the Foyer collection is also the famous Willamette meteorite, which
weighs more than fifteen tons. Its height is over six feet, its width
four feet, and its length ten feet. It is one of the most interesting
meteoric fragments in the collection, though not the largest.
Nevertheless, its appearance tells a wondrous story of the experience it
must have had during its swift rush through the air. The deep hollows in
its surface were probably caused by friction with the particles
encountered during its swift flight through the atmosphere surrounding
our planet. This resulted in the melting of part of the metallic
substance of which it is composed, chemical analysis showing that it
contains an admixture of iron, nickel, a small amount of cobalt, and in
addition some phosphorus and sulphur. To give an idea of the depth of
the hollows, the curator of the Museum showed the writer a photograph of
two boys seated in two of the largest.
The Willamette was discovered in the autumn of 1902, in the forest about
nineteen miles south of Portland, by a Welsh miner named Ellis Hughes.
At first he thought he had discovered an iron mine, but on digging away
the earth surrounding it, he found that it was a meteorite.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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