The romance of the animal world : $b Interesting descriptions of the strange & curious in natural historySelous, Edmund
Science
The romance of the animal world : $b Interesting descriptions of the strange & curious in natural history
Selous, Edmund
Animal behavior; Animals
It might be thought that, as there are trees to be felled both in summer
and winter, the beaver, though he does not hibernate, would find no more
difficulty in procuring food in the one season than in the other, so
that it would not be necessary for him to store up a supply of it, for
winter consumption, either in his lodges or at the bottom of his pond. In
reality, however, there are difficulties, and “they are compelled,” says
Mr. Morgan, “to provide a store of subsistence for the long winters of
the north, during which their ponds are frozen over, and the danger of
venturing upon the land is so largely increased as to shut them up, for
the most part, in their habitations.” Mr. Morgan does not tell us what
these dangers are, but no doubt he is referring to various predaceous
animals, such as lynxes, pumas, gluttons, and particularly wolves, all
of which, by reason of their own difficulties in procuring food, become
more ravenous in the winter, and would, no doubt, hail a beaver, away
from his lodge, with delight, and hasten to supply his temporary want,
with an interior chamber of their own. “In preparing for the winter,” Mr.
Morgan continues, “their greatest efforts in tree-cutting are made. They
commence in the latter part of September, and continue through October
and into November the several employments of cutting and storing their
winter food and of repairing their lodges and dams. Part of this winter
supply the beaver, as we have seen, brings into his dwelling, and for
this purpose he makes a special entrance to it, which facilitates his
doing so. Beaver-lodges are always situated on the edge of the water, and
it is by diving under water that the beaver goes in and out of them. The
lodge enters the water at one point, and, within the space conterminous
with it, there are two or more entrances, which open out beneath its
surface at a sufficient depth for the water not to be frozen during the
winter; since, if this were the case, the inmates would perish, the walls
being, at this time, too hard and solid even for a beaver’s teeth. These
entrances are made,” says Mr. Morgan, “with great skill and in the most
artistic manner. In new lodges there is generally but one, but others
are added, with their increase in size, under the process of repairing,
until in large lodges there are sometimes three or four. These entrances
are of two kinds, one straight and the other sinuous. The first we shall
call ‘the wood entrance,’ from the beavers’ evident design to facilitate
the admission into their chamber of the wood-cuttings upon which they
subsist, during the season of winter. These cuttings are of such size
and length that such an entrance is absolutely necessary for their free
admission into the lodge. The other, which we shall call ‘the beaver
entrance’” (not a very good name, I think, as the wood does not enter by
itself) “is the ordinary one for the exit and return of the animal.” As
far as I can understand from reading Mr.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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