From the many accounts of Peter’s behaviour on that occasion one seems
bound to conclude that he lost his new courage, and fell into a state of
maudlin despair. It seems also to be a myth that his Catherine roused
and saved him. His generals fortunately knew the venality of Turkish
commanders, and a very heavy bribe--including, apparently, Catherine’s
jewels--passed to the Grand Vizier’s camp. The terms, one would think,
were hardly worth so large a bribe. Peter was to evacuate Azoff and
all the territory in the south that he had taken from the Turk: he was
to give up the Baltic provinces to Sweden, except the district at the
mouth of the Neva, for which he passionately pleaded; and he was to
pay a very large indemnity. He swaggered back to Moscow and endeavoured
to brazen it out.
Again he settled down to stern exertions, to prepare an army and navy
and seek allies. In 1717 he went to Paris in search of aid, carefully
leaving Catherine behind, though (as we shall see) he had now married
her. His conduct was more sober than on the earlier journey, though it
was eccentric enough and gave Paris food for talk for many years. When
they had at length found Peter a lodging more or less to his taste, he
declared that the young king, Louis XV, must come to see him; and, eager
as he was to see the sights of Paris, he kept his hotel three days and
nights in the hope of forcing the visit. But we need not again enlarge
upon his eccentricities. He came away without hope of alliance, and
France played with him to the end of his life. Two years later he
proposed to marry his daughter Elizabeth to Louis XV, having failed to
get the grandson of George I. When that project was at last very firmly
declined, he asked at least for a prince of the blood, and he was
humoured with negotiations until he died. As we shall see, Elizabeth was
the illegitimate daughter (legitimised by later marriage) of Peter and a
peasant-woman who had been for a time almost common camp-property.
In brief, to make an end of wars, Peter took Finland and beat the Swedes
on the Baltic, but he brought the terrible English fleet upon his new
vessels. A peace was arranged at Nystadt in 1721, and, for a payment of
two million crowns, Peter was suffered to keep his gains on the Baltic.
There was a stupendous flow of beer and wine and brandy at St.
Petersburg. Peter lit the fireworks with his own hand, and, although the
Senate now gravely nominated him “Father of his Country” and “Emperor of
all the Russias,” he mingled with the crowd, wore a fancy dress, and
danced and sang and leaped on to tables like a school-boy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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