The Romance of War Inventions: A Description of Warships, Guns, Tanks, Rifles, Bombs, and Other Instruments and Munitions of Warfare, How They Were Invented & How They Are EmployedCorbin, Thomas W.
History
The Romance of War Inventions: A Description of Warships, Guns, Tanks, Rifles, Bombs, and Other Instruments and Munitions of Warfare, How They Were Invented & How They Are Employed
Corbin, Thomas W.
Inventions; Military art and science; Naval art and science
But just as the _Dreadnought_ was followed by other still greater
improvements in the same direction we get, in 1910, the famous ship
_Lion_, a vessel not unknown to the Germans, a "super-Invincible."
This ship has a tonnage of over 26,000 and 70,000 horse-power. It was
designed to do 28 knots.
We saw the use of these ships in the Jutland battle, when, using their
high speed, they attacked the German battleships and kept them engaged
while the slower battleships came up. Though they suffered severe
losses, which probably the more heavily armoured battleships would have
escaped, they held the Germans so that it was only the failing light
which saved them from utter destruction.
Another example was the way in which they hunted down Von Spee and his
squadron off the Falklands, when they caught the Germans because of
their higher speed and then sank them by means of their heavier guns
with practically no loss to themselves.
We saw them again in the Heligoland battle, coming up to the assistance
of the lighter vessels just in the nick of time and scattering the enemy
like so much chaff.
A fact little known to most people and productive of much surprise is
that these battleships and cruisers are not such very large vessels,
when compared with those of the merchant service. The _Lion_ is 660 feet
long and 86 feet wide, the _Aquitania_ is 930 feet long and 98 feet
wide, and the _Olympic_ is 882 feet long and 92 feet wide.
The mighty _Orion_ makes a poorer showing still in point of size, since
she is only 545 feet long and 88 feet wide--little over half the length
of the _Aquitania_.
It is difficult to compare the tonnage of a warship with that of a
merchant ship, since they are not measured in the same way. The former
is the "displacement" or actual weight of water displaced: in other
words the precise weight of the vessel in tons of 2240 lbs.
The tonnage of a merchant ship, however, has nothing to do with weight
but is based upon capacity and is arrived at by a purely arbitrary rule,
thus: all the enclosed space in the ship is measured in cubic feet and
the total is divided by one hundred. That gives the gross tonnage. To
arrive at the net tonnage the space occupied by the engines and all
other space necessary for the working of the ship is excluded.
Originally the tonnage of a merchant ship was the number of "tuns" of
wine which it could carry.
Thus, you see, comparing the tonnage of a warship with that of a
merchant ship is somewhat like comparing a pound with a bushel. Net
registered tonnage is generally considerably less than the displacement
tonnage of the same ship, so that a warship is usually less than a
merchant ship of the same nominal number of tons.
And now let us turn to some of the internal arrangements of these
wonderful ships, more particularly to the means for working the guns.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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