[15] Perrot and Chipiez’s Phœnicia, p. 281. [16] Kremer, Akademie der Wissenschaft. Wien. [17] Herod. Bk. III. § 8. [18] Akademie der Wissenschaft. Wien 1890. [19] Equal to two Egyptian spans of 9·58 inches. [20] Vide illustration, p. 194. [21] Vide illustration, p. 216. [22] Ezek. xxvii. 21, 22. [23] Vide Chap. III. [24] Vide Chap. XI. [25] Chap. II. [26] De Barros, De Asiâ. Lisbon, 1552. [27] According to Ptolemy, the Romans penetrated from the north through the heart of Africa to a nation called Agizymba, south of the equator. [28] Chap. IX. [29] Vide illustration, p. 262. [30] For description of ruins, vide Chap. IV. [31] Lecture before the Colonial Institute, April 12, 1892. [32] Chap. II. [33] Kremer, Akademie der Wissenschaft. [34] Chap. VIII. [35] The heights have been obtained with aneroid and boiling-point thermometers, and with the exception of that of Zimbabwe, where we stayed some time, are only approximate.