The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practiceKeith, Arthur Berriedale
History
The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practice
Keith, Arthur Berriedale
Sanskrit drama -- History and criticism
The first four acts of the play are a reproduction with slight changes
of the Cārudatta of Bhāsa; [268] the very prologue shows the fact in
the inexplicable transformation in the speech of the director, who
opens in Sanskrit and then changes to Prākrit, while in the Cārudatta
he speaks Prākrit only as fits the part of the Vidūṣaka which he is to
play. The names are slightly changed; the king’s brother-in-law is
called Saṁsthānaka, and the thief Çarvilaka. Act I carries the action
up to the deposit of the gems by Vasantasenā; Act II relates the
generosity of the hetaera to the shampooer who turns monk, and the
attack made on him as he leaves her house by a mad elephant, from which
Karṇapūraka, a servant of Vasantasenā’s, saves him, receiving as reward
a cloak which Vasantasenā recognizes as Cārudatta’s. In Act III we
learn of Çarvilaka’s success in stealing the jewels, and the generous
resolve of the wife of Cārudatta to give her necklace to replace them.
In Act IV Çarvilaka gives the jewels to Vasantasenā, who, though aware
of the theft, sets his love free. As he leaves with her, he hears of
the imprisonment of his friend Āryaka by order of the king, who knows
the prophecy of his attaining the kingship, and leaving his newly-made
bride, he hastens to aid his friend who is reported to have escaped
from his captivity. The Vidūṣaka then comes with the necklace, which
the hetaera accepts in order to use it as a pretext to see Cārudatta
once more. The visit occupies Act V, which passes in a storm forcing
Vasantasenā to spend the night in Cārudatta’s house. Act VI reveals her
next morning offering to return to Cārudatta’s wife the necklace, but
her gift is refused. The child of Cārudatta appears, complaining that
he has only a little earth cart (mṛcchakaṭikā), whence the name of the
play; Vasantasenā gives him her jewels that he may buy one of gold. She
is to rejoin Cārudatta in a neighbouring park, the property of
Saṁsthānaka, but by error she enters the car of Saṁsthānaka, while
Āryaka, who has been seeking a hiding-place, leaps into that of
Cārudatta and is driven away; two policemen stop the cart, and one
recognizes Āryaka, but protects him from the other with whom he
contrives a quarrel. In Act VII Cārudatta, who is conversing with the
Vidūṣaka, sees his cart drive up, discovers Āryaka, and permits him to
go off in it, while he himself leaves to find Vasantasenā. In the next
act Saṁsthānaka, with the Viṭa and a slave, meets in the park the
shampooer turned monk, who has gone there to wash his robe in the tank;
he insults him and beats him. The cart with Vasantasenā then is driven
up, and the angry Saṁsthānaka first tries to win her by fair words;
then, repulsed, orders the Viṭa and the slave to slay her; they
indignantly refuse; he pretends to grow calm, dismisses them, and then
rains blows on Vasantasenā, who falls apparently dead; the Viṭa, who
sees his action, deserts at once his cause and passes over to Āryaka’s
side.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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