It is now generally admitted that this must have been the case with the whole population in some districts, who thus became dependent upon a few intrusive lords: but still these populations cannot be said to have stood in that peculiar relation to the conquerors, which the word _servus_ strictly implies towards an owner. The utmost extent of their subjection probably reached no further than the payment of tribute, the exclusion from military duty and the standing under a protectorate[331]. Inglorious and easy, when once the dues of the lord were paid, they may even have rejoiced at being spared the danger of warfare and the laborious suit of the folcmót, and forgotten that self-government is the inherent right and dignity of man, in the convenience of having others to defend and rule them. Moreover the territorial subjection was not necessarily a juridical one: indeed some of the Teutonic conquerors recognized as positive law, the right of even the dependent Romans and Provincials to be judged and taxed according to the rules and maxims of Roman, not Salic or Langobardic, jurisprudence: and this, when carried out in the fullest detail with respect to the various tribes at any time united under one supreme head, constitutes what is now called the system of _Personal Right_, whereby each man enjoyed the law and forms of law to which he was born, without the least reference to the peculiar district in which he might happen to live; in other words, that he carried his own law about, whithersoever he went, as a quality attached to his own person, and not in the slightest degree connected with or dependent upon any particular locality. In this way Alamanni, Baiowari, Saxons, Frisians, Langobards, Romans, Gallic provincials and Slavonic populations, were all united under the empire of the Salic and Ripuarian Franks[332]. The peculiar circumstances under which the conquest took place must, of course, have defined the relations under which the subject stood to the ruling state. It is conceivable that the conquerors might not want land, but be contented with glory and pillage; or they might not be able to seize and retain the conquered territory: or again they may have required new settlements for themselves and their allies, to obtain which they waged a war of extermination. Thus the Suevi, although unable to expel the Ubii altogether from their territory, yet succeeded in rendering them tributary[333]; while in Thuringia, the Franks and their Saxon allies seized all the land, slaying, expelling or completely reducing the indigenous inhabitants to slavery. Another and curious instance may be cited from a comparatively late period, when the little island of Man was invaded, conquered and colonized by the Norwegian Godred. “Godredus sequenti die optionem exercitui suo dedit, ut si mallent Manniam inter se dividere et in ea habitare, vel cunctam substantiam terrae accipere et ad propria remeare. Hiis autem magis