The Saxons in England, Volume 1 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquestKemble, John Mitchell
History
The Saxons in England, Volume 1 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquest
Kemble, John Mitchell
Great Britain -- History -- Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066
eoforlíc scionon the forms of boars they seemed
ofer hleor beran above their cheeks to bear
gehroden golde, adorned with gold,
fáh and fýrheard various and hardened in the fire
ferhwearde heóld. it held the guard of life[674].
And again:
ac se hwíta helm but the white helmet
hafelan werede, guarded the head,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
since geweorðad, adorned with treasure,
befongen freawrásnum, set about with lordly signs,
swá hine fyrndagum as it in days of yore
worhte wæpna smið, the armourer made,
wundrum teóde, wondrously produced,
besette swínlícum, set it about with shapes of
ðæt hine syððan nó boars,
brond né beadomecas that afterwards neither
bítan né meahton. brand nor warknife
might penetrate it[675].
Grimm citing this passage goes so far as even to render “freá wrasnum”
by _Frothonis signis_, and thus connects it at once with Frea[676]; and
we may admit at all events the great plausibility of the suggestion. But
though distinct proof of Freá's worship in England cannot be supplied
during the Saxon period, we have very clear evidence of its still
subsisting in the thirteenth century. The following extraordinary story
is found in the Chronicle of Lanercost[677], an. 1268. “Pro fidei
divinae integritate servanda recolat lector quod, cum hoc anno in
Laodonia pestis grassaretur in pecudes armenti, quam vocant usitate
Lungessouth, quidam bestiales, habitu claustrales non animo, docebant
idiotas patriae ignem confrictione de lignis educere et simulachrum
Priapi statuere, et per haec bestiis succurrere. Quod cum unus laicus
Cisterciencis apud Fentone fecisset ante atrium aulae, ac intinctis
testiculis canis in aquam benedictam super animalia sparsisset, ac pro
invento facinore idolatriae dominus villae a quodam fideli argueretur,
ille pro sua innocentia obtendebat, quod ipso nesciente et absente
fuerant haec omnia perpetrata, et adiecit, et cum ad usque hunc mensem
Junium aliorum animalia languerent et deficerent, mea semper sana erant,
nunc vero quotidie mihi moriuntur duo vel tria, ita quod agricultui
pauca supersunt.”
-----
Footnote 668:
För Skirnis. The legend of Geát and Mæðhild however must have been of
this character: and thus Wóden may have been in some sort a phallic
Hermes.
Footnote 669:
M. Adami Bremensis lib. de situ Daniae. Ed. 1629, p. 23. Ihre, in his
Gloss. Sueogoth. mentions forms dug up in the North which clearly
prove the prevalence of phallic rites.
Footnote 670:
See Grimm, Mythol. p. 193 _seq._
Footnote 671:
Fornman. Sög. ii. 73 _seq._
Footnote 672:
Germ. xlv.
Footnote 673:
Beów. l. 4299 _seq._
Footnote 674:
Beów. l. 604 _seq._
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