The Saxons in England, Volume 2 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquestKemble, John Mitchell
History
The Saxons in England, Volume 2 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquest
Kemble, John Mitchell
Great Britain -- History -- Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066
The majority of these cases belong to periods previous to Cnut’s
accession, but they seem to imply an assessment very similar to his own.
And in this view of the case, where the payment had become a settled
amount due from persons of a particular rank, it became possible for
women to be charged with it, which we accordingly find. In 1046 Wulfgýð
commences her will by desiring that her right heriot may be paid to the
king[194]: Æðelgyfu in 945 gave the king thirty mancuses of gold, two
horses and all her dogs[195]: Ælflǽd left him by will her lands at
Lamburnan, Ceólsige and Readingan, four rings worth two hundred mancuses
of gold, four palls, four cups, four drinking-horns and four
horses[196]: and lastly queen Ælfgyfu in 1012 left the king, six horses,
six shields, six spears, one cup, two rings worth one hundred and twenty
mancuses each, and various lands[197]. Taken in connection with the case
of Wulfgýð, these bequests appear very like heriots. The heriots
mentioned in Domesday agree with the details given above, and serve to
show that the right had undergone no material alteration till the time
of the Confessor[198]. That the Best-head or Melius catallum was paid to
the king by his unfree tenants, as well as to other lords, is probable,
but we have no instance of it[199]. By the law of Cnut, the widow was to
have a reasonable time for payment of the heriot, and it was altogether
remitted to the family of him who fell bravely fighting in the field
before the presence of his lord.
-----
Footnote 194:
Ibid. No. 782.
Footnote 195:
Ibid. No. 410.
Footnote 196:
Ibid. No. 685.
Footnote 197:
Cod. Dipl. No. 721.
Footnote 198:
Domesd. Berks. “Tanias vel miles regis dominicus moriens pro
relevamento dimittebat regi omnia arma sua, et equum unum cum sella,
unum sine sella. Quod si essent ei canes vel accipitres,
praesentabantur regi, ut si vellet, acciperet.”
Footnote 199:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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