And so we may close this section[43] on formative stimuli or “causes”
of morphogenesis by shortly adding, more on account of its factual
than of its logical interest, that the phenomenon of the determination
of sex,[44] according to the latest researches, seems to depend on
cytological events occurring in the very earliest embryonic stages,
say even before ontogeny, and not on formative stimuli proper[45]: it
seems, indeed, as if the sexual products themselves would account for
the sex of the individual produced by them, particularly if there were
differences in their chromatin.[46]
[43] A full analysis of the subject would not only have to deal with
formative stimuli as inaugurating morphogenetic processes, but also with
those stimuli which terminate or stop the single acts of morphogenesis.
But little is actually known about this topic, and therefore the reader
must refer to my other publications. I will only say here, that the end
of each single morphogenetic act may either be determined at the very
beginning or occur as an actual stopping of a process which otherwise
would go on for ever and ever; in the first case some terminating
factors are included in the very nature of the morphogenetic act itself.
[44] A full account of the present state of the subject will be found in
Morgan’s *Experimental Zoology*, New York, 1907.
[45] But there certainly exist many formative relations between the real
sexual organs and the so-called secondary sexual characters. Herbst has
given a full analytical discussion of all that is known on this subject;
but the facts are much more complicated than is generally supposed, and
do not lend themselves therefore to short description. See also Foges,
*Pflüger’s Arch.* 93, 1902.
[46] It seems that in some cases (*Dinophilus*, certain Arthropods)
the sexual products are invariably determined as “arrenogennetic”
or as “thelygennetic” (Wilson, *Journ. Exp. Zool.* ii. and iii.
1905-6), whilst in others (Amphibia) the state of maturation or
“super”-maturation determines the sex of the future organism (R.
Hertwig, *Verh. D. Zool. Ges.* 1905-7).
δ. THE MORPHOGENETIC HARMONIES
Let us now turn again to considerations of a more abstract kind: we have
become acquainted with some morphogenetic interactions among the parts
of a developing embryo; and, indeed, we can be sure that there exist far
more of such interactions than we know at present.
But it is far from being true that the development of each embryonic
part depends on the existence or development of every other one.
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