But these considerations, evident as they seem to be in the most
simple case, fail to satisfy in a really general sense: for two
different reasons. First, they could never account for the fact that
the differentiated organism by no means consists of so many different
compounds as it shows single parts of its differentiation, but that,
on the contrary, it only consists, as we know, of a certain rather
limited number of true different morphogenetic elements, these
elements occurring again and again--as for instance, nervous or
muscular elements--but typical each time in locality, quantity, and
form. And in the second place, the very *form* of elementary organs,
their form as such, does not at all go hand-in-hand with chemical
differences; this feature alone would absolutely overthrow any sort
of a chemical morphogenetic theory to account for the problem of
localisation. Take the typically arranged ring of the mesenchyme
cells in our Echinus-gastrula, with its two spherical triangles, so
typically localised; look at any sort of skeleton, in Radiolaria, or in
starfishes, or in vertebrates: here you have form, real form, but form
consisting of only one material. Not only is the arrangement of the
elements of form typical here, *e.g.* the arrangement of the single
parts of the skeleton of the hand or foot, but also the special form
of each element is typical, *e.g.* the form of each single bone of the
foot; and, on a purely chemical theory of morphogenesis the sufficient
reason for the production of typical form in such a sense would be
wanting. For atoms or molecules by themselves can only account for form
which is arranged, so to speak, according to spatial geometry--as in
fact they do in crystallography; but they can never account for form
such as the skeleton of the nose, or hand, or foot. You will answer
me perhaps, that there may be non-chemical agents in the germ,[63]
responsible for typical form-localisation, but by such reasoning you
would be departing from a purely chemical theory. Our next paragraph
will be devoted to this side of the question.
[63] Besides the specified poles determined by the polar-bilateral
structure of the protoplasm.
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