[71] Essay on _The Fisheries of Scotland_, in _Highland Society Prize Essays_, vol. ii. [72] _Hebrides and Highlands_, vol. ii. p. 406. [73] _Idem_, p. 409. [74] Social Science Transactions for 1863, p. 608. [75] _Idem._ [76] _Hebrides_, &c., vol. ii. p. 401. [77] _Beauties of Scotland_, vol. v. p. 95. [78] _New Statistical Account of Baray._ [79] _New Stat. Account of South Uist._ [80] _Rural Cyclopædia_, article POTATO. [81] _Hebrides and Highlands_, vol. i. p. 251. [82] Tennant’s _Tour_, vol. ii. p. 306. [83] Johnson’s _Tour_, p. 196, and Pennant in several places. [84] Fullarton & Baird’s _Remarks on the Highlands and Islands_, p. 10. 1838. CHAPTER XLIV. Progress of Highlands during present century--Depopulation and emigration--Questions between landlords and tenants--Hardships of the ousted tenants--Sutherland clearings--Compulsory emigration--Famines--Poorer tenants compelled to take service--Sir John M’Neill’s Report--Changes complained of inevitable--Emigration the only remedy--Large and small farms--Experiments--Highlanders succeed when left to themselves--Substitution of deer for sheep--Recent state of Highlands--Means of improvement--Increased facilities for intercourse of great value--Population of chief Highland counties--Highland colonies--Attachment of Highlanders to their old home--Conclusion. The same causes have been at work and the same processes going on since 1800, as there were during the latter half of last century.