The Sea and Its Living Wonders: A Popular Account of the Marvels of the Deep and of the Progress of Martime Discovery from the Earliest Ages to the Present TimeHartwig, G. (Georg)
History
The Sea and Its Living Wonders: A Popular Account of the Marvels of the Deep and of the Progress of Martime Discovery from the Earliest Ages to the Present Time
Hartwig, G. (Georg)
Animal behavior; Discoveries in geography; Discoveries in geography -- History; Marine animals; Marine plants; Ocean
In the famous "bird-city" at the north point of Sylt, the Silvery or
Herring-gull plays a prominent part. Its great size, equal to that of
the raven, but with much longer wings--its agreeable form, its pure
white plumage, of metallic brilliancy on the back, gradually melting
into light ash-blue; the velvet-black ends of the wings, with snowy
feather tips, the lovely yellow eye, and the deep yellow beak, with its
coral-red spot, all this together forms a beautiful picture. "There we
stood," says Naumann, "surrounded by thousands, that partly hovered close
over our heads, uttering their shrill screams, partly stood before us in
pairs; some on their nests, the males keeping guard, some sleeping on
one leg, and others leisurely stretching themselves. In one word, one
hardly knew what most to admire, the uncommon cleanliness and beauty of
their plumage, the great variety and elegance of their attitudes, their
tameness, or the immense numbers collected in so small a space."
[Illustration: Herring Gull, or Silvery Gull (Adult).]
In the same "bird-city," but apart from the former, breed also the Common
Gull (_Larus canus_) which is much smaller and of a more slender shape,
and also the Sandwich and Caspian Terns. It is astonishing to see how
each kind of sea-bird seeks its particular spot for breeding; only the
auks and guillemots herd promiscuously. What may induce the birds to meet
in such large bodies and then always to choose some particular cliff?
The gulls yield the fortunate possessor of their district an annual
income of at least two hundred rix-dollars. More than thirty thousand
of the eggs, which are larger than those of the turkey, are collected
every year, packed up with moss in baskets, and sent to the market. Two
or three persons are busy from morning till evening, during the whole
season, collecting the eggs, and receive for their trouble those of
the smaller birds, which may also amount to about twenty thousand. But
although the terns appear in considerable numbers on Sylt, they have
chosen the small flat island, Norder Oog, to the west of Pelworm, for
their chief residence. The breeding colony of the Sandwich tern amounts
here to at least a million of individuals, so that when the birds are at
rest, the island, at the distance of a mile, resembles a white stripe
in the sea; but when their innumerable multitudes hover above it, they
seem an immense white rotatory cloud. The eggs lie in some places so
close together, that it is almost impossible to walk between them without
treading upon them; the breeding birds often touch one another, and
would not find room, if, like all sea-swallows that breed socially on
the coast, they did not sit in the same posture, with their head facing
the water. It is incomprehensible how each bird can find its eggs; it
would even seem impossible, did we not know the miracles of animal
instinct. Their noise is incessant, for even during the night they keep
up a continual and lively prattle.
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