The Sea and Its Living Wonders: A Popular Account of the Marvels of the Deep and of the Progress of Martime Discovery from the Earliest Ages to the Present TimeHartwig, G. (Georg)
History
The Sea and Its Living Wonders: A Popular Account of the Marvels of the Deep and of the Progress of Martime Discovery from the Earliest Ages to the Present Time
Hartwig, G. (Georg)
Animal behavior; Discoveries in geography; Discoveries in geography -- History; Marine animals; Marine plants; Ocean
In other species the legs are short, muscular, and powerful, so as
rapidly to carry along the comparatively light body. The tropical
land-crabs and the genera _Ocypoda_ and _Grapsus_, which form the link
between the former and the real sea-crabs, are particularly distinguished
in this respect.
The Rider or Racer (_Ocypoda cursor_), who is found on the coasts of
Syria and Barbary, and abounds at Cape de Verde, owes his name to his
swiftness, which is such that even a man on horseback is said not to
be able to overtake him. The West Indian ocypodas dig holes three or
four feet deep, immediately above high-water mark, and leave them after
dusk. Towards the end of October they retire further inland, and bury
themselves for the winter in similar holes, the opening of which they
carefully conceal.
[Illustration: American Sand-Crab.]
In the Portuni, or true Sea-crabs, finally, we find the hind pair of legs
flattened like fins, so that they would cut but a sorry figure on the
land, but are all the better able to row about in their congenial element.
[Illustration: Spotted Fin-Crab.]
A strange peculiarity of many crabs is the quantity of parasites they
carry along with them on their backs. Many marine productions, both
of a vegetable and animal nature, have their birth and grow to beauty
on the shell of the sea-spider. Corallines, sponges, zoophytes, algæ,
may thus be found, and balani occasionally cover the entire upper
surface of the body of the crab. "All the examples of the _Inachus
Dorsettensis_ which I have taken," says the distinguished naturalist,
Mr. W. Thompson of Belfast, "were invested with sponge, which generally
covers over the body, arms, and legs; algæ and zoophytes likewise spring
from it." In this extraneous matter some of the smaller zoophytes find
shelter, and, together with the other objects, render the capture of
the _Inachus Dorsettensis_ interesting far beyond its own acquisition.
In Mr. Hyndman's collection, there is a sea-spider carrying on its back
an oyster much larger than itself, and covered besides with numerous
barnacles. Like Atlas, the poor creature groaned under a world.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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