^L. senegalensis.^ Twelve to fourteen inches across; arms long and narrow, tapering to a point and fringed on the edges with spines; surface rather smooth, showing the separation of the ossicles; color almost white, with dark line running through the center of each arm; usually nine arms. Found in shallow water on the coasts of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. ^L. clathrata.^ Four to five inches across; light-colored; with a fringe of spines on the margins of the arms, which taper to a point; two rows of ambulacra. It is found from New Jersey southward, and is one of the most common starfishes on the sandy beaches of North and South Carolina. (Plate LII.) ^L. alternata.^ Upper surface purplish, with irregular yellowish bands on the arms; under surface yellow. Found in shallow water on the Florida coast. FAMILY ~PENTAGONASTERIDÆ~ GENUS ^Mediaster^ ^M. æqualis.^ Body flat; the five rays equal or exceed in length the diameter of the disk; margins have double row of large plates; surface covered with granules, which are easily rubbed off; bright red above, pale orange below; diameter four inches. Common on the coasts of Oregon and California. FAMILY ~ANTHENEIDÆ~ GENUS ^Hippasteria^ ^H. phrygiana.^ This beautiful starfish lives in deep water, but is sometimes thrown up on the beach, and ranges from Cape Cod northward. [pg210] It has a large, pentagonal, bright-scarlet disk, five to six inches in diameter, with arms rather long and pointed. The upper side is raised and cushion-like, and is covered with blunt spines; the margins have larger spines of the same shape. The pedicellariæ are sessile and so long and large as to be easily seen with the naked eye. (Plate LII.) FAMILY ~PENTACEROTIDÆ~ GENUS ^Pentaceros^ ^P. occidentalis.^ Pentagonal; eight to twelve inches in diameter; ossicles a network of rod-like plates, with prominent spines at the points of union; body inflated in the center and running in wedge-like form to the ends of the rather long and narrow arms; the upper lines of the ridges have spines more prominent than those on the rest of the body; the spines of the larger specimens are more like large warts or small hemispheres. Found on the Lower California coast.