The Second Boys' Book of Model AeroplanesCollins, Francis A. (Francis Arnold)
Science
The Second Boys' Book of Model Aeroplanes
Collins, Francis A. (Francis Arnold)
Airplanes -- Models
A MORE accurate control may be gained over a strand motor by using gear
wheels. Both their speed and duration may be increased indefinitely. The
gear will restrain a powerful motor from "racing," acting much the same
as the governor of an ordinary engine. Still another advantage is the
steadiness they insure to a machine in flight by cutting down the
vibration.
The geared wheels and the frames for mounting them will be found to add
very little weight, and they make possible a saving of rubber in the
motor which renders such equipment no heavier than the ordinary
direct-drive motor. Gears may be installed upon any ordinary motor base.
Here is a fascinating field for experiment.
The great advantage of the geared motor lies, of course, in the fact
that it enables you to divide up your rubber motor into smaller groups
of strands. As you increase the power by adding more rubber, you of
course cut down the number of the turns it will take. A motor forty
inches in length, comprising six strands of rubber, one-eighth of an
inch square, may be twisted to about one thousand turns. Double the
number of strands and you will find that you cannot get more than five
hundred turns with safety. Double the diameter of your motor one more
and it cannot be twisted more than to two hundred times.
Now it is clear that if the motor consists of two groups of six strands
each, and the axles be geared together, it may be wound up with one
thousand turns while the power exerted will be that of the twelve
strands. A motor with three groups of strands in turn will give you one
thousand turns with the propelling force of the combined number, or
eighteen strands, and so on.
As a general rule, it may be laid down, that by dividing your motor you
double the number of revolutions. The heavier the motor the greater is
the vibration in unwinding, and as you have doubtless discovered, a
model which vibrates in flight offers a greatly increased resistance to
the air. The geared motor cuts the vibration in half, or a third, as the
case may be. Incidentally, this renders your motor practically
noiseless.
The resistance offered by a set of smoothly-running geared wheels is
slight, and may be compensated by adding more strands to the motor. In
mounting them use the same care as used in the shafts of ordinary
motors. By mounting them on a simple metal frame the friction may be cut
down still further. This mechanism, moreover, is so slight that you can
afford to select substantial material for the purpose. The clock wheels
used in most of our American clocks are too thin for the purpose and
easily slip apart.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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