The settlement of Illinois, 1778-1830Boggess, Arthur Clinton
History
The settlement of Illinois, 1778-1830
Boggess, Arthur Clinton
Illinois -- History -- 1778-1865
In 1800, two hundred and sixty-eight inhabitants of Illinois, chiefly
French, petitioned Congress to repeal the anti-slavery provision of the
Ordinance, stating that many of the inhabitants were crossing the
Mississippi with their slaves. The petition was not considered.(495) A
similar request, presented late in 1802, was twice reported upon by
committees, one report (Randolph’s) declaring that the growth of Ohio
proved that a lack of slavery would not seriously retard settlement, while
the other was in favor of suspending the anti-slavery article for ten
years, the male descendants of immigrating slaves to be free at the age of
twenty-five years, and the females at twenty-one.(496) In 1805 a majority
of the members of the respective houses of the Indiana legislature
petitioned for the repeal of the anti-slavery article, and this petition
was closely followed by a memorial from Illinois expressing the hope that
the general government would not pass unnoticed the act of the last
legislature authorizing the importation of slaves into the territory. It
violated the Ordinance, the memorialists declared, and although they
desired slavery they professed themselves to be law-abiding.(497) A
committee report on the petition and memorial recommended that permission
to import slaves into Indiana (then including Illinois) for ten years be
granted, in order that the evil effects of slavery might be mitigated by
its dispersion, but no legislation resulted from the report,(498) and the
next year petitioning was resumed. The legislature sent resolutions asking
for the suspension of the anti-slavery article, and elaborating the
argument for such suspension. A committee of which the territorial
delegate from Indiana was chairman, presented a favorable report.(499)
In September, 1807, a petition for the suspension of the anti-slavery
article was sent to Congress from the Indiana legislature. It was signed
by Jesse B. Thomas, later author of the Missouri Compromise, but then
Speaker of the territorial House of Representatives, and resident in what
was to become the State of Indiana, and by the president _pro tem._ of the
Legislative Council. Action in committee was adverse,(500) Congress being
then busied with the question of the abolition of the slave trade.
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