Rogers, _Capt._ ——, defense of, 28, 29. Roosevelt, Theodore, “Winning of the West,” 9. Rush, Benjamin, mention, 195. S St. Clair, _Gov._ Arthur, 10, 64; at Kaskaskia, 69; establishes counties, 83; president of Congress, 54. St. Clair, James, 74. St. Clair, John Murray, 10, 193. St. Clair, William, 74. St. Clair county, divided, 83; formed, 75 n., 82. St. Josephs, expedition against, 37, 38. St. Louis, attacked by British, 33; population of, 1817, 132; Treaty of, 1804, 81. St. Marie, Joseph, goods confiscated by Spanish, 63. St. Philips, inhabitants of, 12. St. Pierre, _Father_, leaves Cahokia, 68. Ste. Geneviève, garrisoned by Spanish, 74. Saline creek salt works, slave labor at, 117. Saline river reservation, sale of, 142. Saline spring in Gallatin county, 170, 171. Salt, discovered at Carlyle, 1823, 171; legislation concerning, 101; prices of, 170 _et seq._; works, New York, 153. Sangamon county, emigration to, 1810-1825, 188; housekeepers as freeholders, 147; separated from Madison, 188. Sauk Indians, 33, 81. Schools, academic, funds given for, 199; common, established, 173; early, 173; land granted for, 116, 141, 142; teachers, 173, 174. Scotch-Irish opposed to slavery, 92. Selkirk, _Lord_, colony, 172. Seminaries, location of, 174. Servitude, indentured, 117, 176, 177, 179. _Shawnee Chief_, 132. Shawneetown, description, 1817, 125-7; land-office at, 103; road to Kaskaskia, 101, 102, 157; sale of public lands, 105, 137. Shipping, 93, 94, 125, 129. Shippingport, Falls of Ohio, mention, 162. Short, Jacob, rep., 113. Shurtleff College (Rock Springs Seminary) founded by Baptists in 1827, 174. Sickness. _See under_ Health. Sioux Indians, 31, 32. Skiffs, 93, 94. Slave code, enacted in 1819, 179. Slavery, 64, 65, 176 _et seq._; abolition recommended by Coles, 185; anti-slavery article of Ordinance of 1787, 55, 177, 180; “Black Laws” of Illinois, 176, 186; children of slaves, 177; constitutional provisions, 178; decrease of, 187; effect on settlement, 177; freeing of slaves, 64, 65, 177, 179; French slaveholders, 55, 176, 177; importation of slaves authorized, 87; increase, 180, 181; indentured servitude, 117, 176 _et seq._; legalization, 176; number of slaves, 1820, 1840, 187; Ordinance of 1787, 55, 176, 177, 180; whipping of slaves, 179. Slave-trade, abolition of, 178. Smith’s Prairie, fruit at, 129. Soulard, _Mr._, 152. Southern influence in Illinois, 145, 180. Spain claims the Illinois country, 38; offers free land to Illinois settlers, 55, 71; refuses to allow navigation of Mississippi, 21. Spanish, aggression upon United States, 73; trouble Illinois settlers, 21, 24. Sprigg, _Judge_ William, 111. Springfield, called Calhoun when founded, 196; first store, 206; land-office at, 144; sales of public land, 137, 143; terminus of mail route, 158. Squatters in Illinois, 50, 58, 72, 99, 148.