It can now be understood why people emigrated to the West, and also why many went overland. A family too poor to go by water could go in a buggy or wagon, and if poorer still they might walk, as many actually did. The immigration to Illinois, which was but a small fraction of the great westward movement, was still largely southern in origin, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, and even New York still staying, in large measure, the tide from New England. In New England it was the “Ohio fever” and not the Illinois fever which carried away the people, and the designation is geographically correct. The men prominent in Illinois politics at the close of the territorial period, and at the beginning of the state period, were natives of southern states, a fact hardly conceivable if New England had been largely represented in Illinois. Then, too, the natural routes from the South led to, or near to, Illinois, the great road from the South crossing the Ohio River at Shawneetown, and the Kentucky and Cumberland rivers being natural water routes. Another fact to be noticed is that much of the emigration was of relatives and friends to join those who had gone before, and as Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky, Tennessee, the Carolinas, and even Georgia, had furnished a large number of early settlers to Illinois, this was a powerful inducement to continued emigration from the same sources. Similarly Ohio and Michigan had early received settlers from the East. Immigration to Illinois was not large in comparison to that to neighboring states or territories. Indians still held the greater part of Illinois, and the inconveniences incident to frontier life were more pronounced as the distance from the East increased. Pro-slavery men, and anti-slavery men as well, were still in doubt as to the ultimate fate of slavery in Illinois. This had a deterrent effect upon immigration. IV. Life of the Settlers. According to the marshal’s return the manufactures in Illinois, in 1810, were as follows: Spinning-wheels, $630 Looms, 460; cloth produced, 90,039 yards, $54,028 Tanneries, 9; leather dressed, $7,750 Distilleries, 10,200 gallons, $7,500 Flour, 6,440 barrels, $32,200 Maple sugar, 15,600 lbs., $1,980(306)—$104,088 This list incidentally indicates the average price of several manufactured articles. For the first six months of 1814, the internal revenue assessed in Illinois was: Licenses for stills and boilers, $490.14 Carriages, $62.00 Licenses to retailers, $835.00 Stamps, $5.60—$1392.74 Of this amount ($1392.74), $1047.37 had been paid by October 10, 1814.(307) For the period from April 18, 1815, to February 22, 1816, the following were the internal duties: Hats, caps, and bonnets, $ 66.50-½ Saddles and bridles, $65.25 Boots and bootees, $7.26 Leather, $184.35-½—$323.37 This was the smallest sum listed in any part of the United States, except Michigan Territory.(308) For 1818: