Haly Abbas gives a most distinct and accurate account of the phenomena of ephemeral fevers, according to the nature of their remote causes. The first class are produced by external causes, such as exposure to the heat of the sun, hot baths, or astringents which occasion constriction of the pores of the skin. He also inculcates that these causes may likewise give rise to synochous or putrid fevers. The second class are produced by calefacient food and medicines. The third class are occasioned by immoderate exercise, or violent passions, such as anger, fear, and the like. The fourth are sympathetic affections proceeding from inflammatory swellings of the glands. He remarks, that in certain kinds of fever the increase of heat is not felt upon the first application of the hand, owing to constriction of the pores. (Theor. viii, 3.) His treatment merits attention. When the fever arises from a hot cause, he directs us to pour refrigerant liquids, such as vinegar, rose oil, and the like, upon the head, and to apply to the forehead a cloth moistened with the same. When the fever is produced by cold, he recommends the warm bath, with friction, in order to promote perspiration; after which calefacients may be given; but he forbids wine, if the exciting cause be great, lest it should occasion a conversion of the complaint into a putrid fever, which, as he remarks, Galen states not to be an uncommon occurrence. To prevent this he recommends venesection and the liberal administration of diluents. The next class of ephemerals of which he treats are intestinal fevers originating in errors of food and drink. For these he recommends cooling drink, cooling articles of food, clysters, eccoprotics, and the like. When the fever is brought on by violent labour, he prescribes the tepid bath, gentle friction with emollient oils, light food, and a spare allowance of wine, provided the patient has been habituated to it. When the fever is produced by violent emotions of the mind, he recommends the tepid bath, refrigerant food, camphor, and the like. When it arises from sorrow, he directs us to have recourse to treatment of an exhilarating nature, the bath, wine, and so forth. For fever brought on by want of sleep, he recommends soothing treatment, the affusion of tepid water and wine, if the patient has been accustomed to it. In fevers arising from glandular swellings, he approves of venesection, and forbids the use of the bath and of wine. This is somewhat different from our author’s treatment. The account of the causes and treatment of ephemerals given by Alsaharavius is so like that of Haly Abbas, that we shall not enter particularly upon it. Serapion, Averrhoes, and Avenzoar give sensible expositions of the causes and cure of these fevers; but there is little in them worthy of attention that is not derived from the Greeks. Avenzoar states distinctly, that, if neglected or mismanaged, they are apt to be converted into putrid, or synochous fevers.