In his work ‘Ad Mansorem,’ he recommends nearly the same treatment as that which we have been detailing from his Tractatus on Smallpox; but does not speak so decidedly in favour of cold drink. Avicenna’s description of smallpox and measles is very similar to that of Rhases. He confidently pronounces them to be contagious diseases. He states correctly, that when smallpox proves fatal, it is usually from the affection of the throat, or from the bowels becoming ulcerated. Sometimes, he adds, the disease superinduces bloody urine. He agrees with Rhases that measles is a bilious affection, and that it differs from smallpox only in this, that in the former the morbific matter is in smaller quantity, and does not pass the cuticle. His treatment also is little different. At any period during the first four days he approves of venesection, but forbids it afterwards. He recommends cooling and diluent draughts prepared from tamarinds and the like. He prescribes figs to facilitate the eruption of the pustules, and forbids cold drink after they begin to come out. When the pustules are large and fully formed, he approves of letting out their contents with a gold needle. His treatment of the throat, eyes, belly, and hands is nearly the same as that recommended by Rhases. When ulcers are formed after the falling off of the eschars, he directs them to be dressed with the white ointment, composed of ceruse and litharge. (iii, 1, 4.) Serapion’s account of smallpox and measles, as is remarked by Haly Abbas, is very defective. He treats of them along with apostemes, and his description of the symptoms is far from being accurate. Avenzoar, in his Treatise on Epidemical Diseases, treats incidentally of measles and smallpox, for the cure of which he recommends principally gentle purgatives, such as tamarinds, with cooling and acid drinks. (iii, 3, 4.) Alsaharavius also mentions them briefly among the pestilential diseases; but his description of them is not to be compared with that of Rhases.