The Sewerage of Sea Coast TownsAdams, Henry Charles
Science
The Sewerage of Sea Coast Towns
Adams, Henry Charles
Sewerage
Now join up points C and D on the plan, and from point D set
off the line D A, making an angle of 35° 30' 7" with C D, and
having a length of l866.15 ft, and from point C set off the
angle A C D equal to 85° 9' 53". Then the line A C should
measure l087.6 ft long, and meet the line A D at the point A,
making an angle of 59° 20'. From point A draw a line A B, ll7
ft long, making an angle of 29° 23' with the line A C; join B
C, then the angle ABC should measure 147° 17', and the angle B
C A 3° 20'. If the lines and angles are accurately drawn, which
can be proved by checking as indicated, the line A B will
represent the base line in its correct position on the plan.
The positions of the other stations can be calculated from the
readings of the angles taken from such stations. Take stations
E, F, G, and H as shown in Fig. 36*, the angles which are
observed being marked with an arc.
It will be observed that two of the angles of each triangle are
recorded, so that the third is always known. The full lines
represent those sides, the lengths of which are calculated, so
that the dimensions of two sides and the three angles of each
triangle are known. Starting with station E,
Sin A E D: A D:: sin D A E: D E
A D sin D A E
D E = --------------
sin A E D
or log D E = log A D + L sin D A E-L sin A E D.
From station F, E and G are visible, but the landmark D cannot
be seen; therefore, as the latter can be seen from G, it will
be necessary to fix the position of G first. Then,
sin E G D: D E :: sin E D G : E G,
D E sin E D G
or EG= ---------------
sin E G D
Now, sin E F G: E G :: sin F E G : F G
E G sin F E G
F G = -------------
sin E F G
thus allowing the position of F to be fixed, and then
sin F H G : F G :: sin F G H : F H
F G sin F G H
F H= -------------
sin F H G
[Illustration: FIG 36.--DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATING TRIGONOMETRICAL
SURVEY OF OBSERVATION STATIONS.]
In triangles such as E F G and F G H all three angles can be
directly read, so that any inaccuracy in the readings is at once
apparent. The station H and further stations along the coast being:
out of sight of landmark D, it will be as well to connect the survey
up with another landmark K, which can be utilised in the forward work;
the line K H being equal to
F H sin K F H
-------------
sin F K H
The distance between C and D in Fig. 35 is calculated in a
similar manner, because sin A C D : A D:: sin CAD : CD,
AD sin CAD 1866.15 sin 59° 20'
or CD = ---------- = -------------------
sin SCD sin 85° 9' 53"
or log CD = log 1866.15 + L sin 59° 20' - L sin 85° 9' 53"
= 3.2709456 + 9.9345738 - 9.9984516
= 3.2070678. ' . CD = 1610.90 ft
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