The Sexes in Science and History: An inquiry into the dogma of woman's inferiority to manGamble, Eliza Burt
Philosophy
The Sexes in Science and History: An inquiry into the dogma of woman's inferiority to man
Gamble, Eliza Burt
Sex; Women -- History; Women -- Social conditions
Under the two types of marriage—namely, _motă_ and _ba’al_—the
positions of women were so diametrically opposed that both could not
continue, hence when under the pressure brought to bear upon them,
women began to accept the _ba’al_ form of marriage within their own
_hayy_, _motă_ unions were doomed. Of the more ancient form of marriage
in Arabia, under which the woman chooses her mate, evidences of which
are still extant in that country, and that by capture under which she
becomes the slave of her lord, Professor Smith says:
There is then abundant evidence that the ancient Arabs practised
marriage by capture. And we see that the type of marriage so
constituted is altogether different from those unions of which
the _motă_ is a survival, and kinship through women the necessary
accompaniment. In the one case the woman chooses and dismisses her
husband at will, in the other she has lost the right to dispose of her
person and so the right of divorce lies only with the husband; in the
one case the woman receives the husband in her own tent, among her own
people, in the other she is brought home to his tent and people; in
the one case the children are brought up under the protection of the
mother’s kin and are of her blood, in the other they remain with the
father’s kindred and are of his blood.
All later Arabic marriages under the system of male kinship, whether
constituted by capture or by contract, belong to the same type; in all
cases, as we shall presently see in detail, the wife who follows her
husband and bears children who are of his blood has lost the right
freely to dispose of her person; the husband has authority over her
and he alone has the right of divorce. Accordingly the husband, in
this kind of marriage, is called not in Arabia only, but also among
the Hebrews and Aramæans, the woman’s “lord” or “owner,” and wherever
this name for husband is found we may be sure that marriage is of the
second type, with male kinship, and the wife bound to the husband and
following him to his home.[127]
[127] _Kinship and Marriage_, p. 75.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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