The Siege and Conquest of the North PoleBryce, George
History
The Siege and Conquest of the North Pole
Bryce, George
Arctic regions; North Pole; Scientific expeditions
From this point the _Polar Star_ had open water until it reached
Maria-Elizabeth Island, but here it was stopped by thick ice ahead and
foggy weather. When the fog cleared, a passage was found to the east of
the island, and the _Polar Star_ advanced rapidly northwards, and
reached 82° 4′ to the north-west of Prince Rudolf Island. The _Alert_
reached 82° 27′, the _Polaris_ attained 82° 11′, so that the _Polar
Star_ took third place among the ships which had been navigated towards
the Pole. The _Fram_ reached a much higher latitude, but it was by means
of the drift. From the farthest north reached by the _Polar Star_ the
horizon was carefully observed, but no trace could be found of Petermann
Land and King Oscar Land, which Payer thought he sighted from Cape
Fligely. It was found that the latitude of this cape was 81° 50′ 43″,
and not 82° 5′, as given by Payer.
The _Polar Star_ was now steered towards the south-east to Teplitz Bay,
the most northern bay of Franz-Josef Land, in latitude 81° 47′, where it
went into winter quarters. The bay did not provide a very safe
anchorage, but its position far to the north made it of great importance
for the contemplated sledge-expeditions.
On the 27th August the _Polar Star_ was driven by the pressure of the
ice against the ice fixed to the coast, and heeled over about 13
degrees. When the pressure ceased, she remained in the same position. On
the 7th September the ice pressure again became severe, and the ship was
so seriously damaged that it had to be abandoned.
Steps were at once taken to have the stores landed, and two large
field-tents were erected on the shore to serve as winter quarters.
Outside these a second tent was formed to cover the two field-tents, and
a third tent covered the whole.
A space between the two inner field-tents was occupied on one side by
the kitchen, and on the other by bags and cases containing clothing.
Between the field-tents and the second tent tins of milk were built in
the form of a wall, and between the second and third tents were stored
the provisions likely to be consumed during the winter.
After all these preparations had been completed, an attempt was made to
repair the damaged ship, which still kept its position heeled over in
the ice. The water which had leaked into the ship was pumped out, and as
far as possible the damaged parts were repaired with tarpaulin and
boards.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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