The Siege and Conquest of the North PoleBryce, George
History
The Siege and Conquest of the North Pole
Bryce, George
Arctic regions; North Pole; Scientific expeditions
On the march Dr. Cook wore woollen drawers, a bird-skin shirt, a
blue-fox coat, bear-skin pants, kamiks and hare-skin stockings. A band
of fox-tails was fastened under the knee and about the waist. A
seal-skin coat and some extra clothing were also carried in the personal
bag.
On the morning of 18th March six of the Eskimo left Svartevog on the
return journey. Koolootingwah and Inugito were taken on by Dr. Cook as a
supporting party to give assistance over the rough ice of the pack-edge.
Shortly after noon Dr. Cook started over the polar floes, on a course
slightly west of north. The first day’s march covered 26 miles. Next
morning the temperature was minus 56° F. Some troublesome crushed-ice
was encountered on the second march, but yet the party added 21 miles to
their credit. The difficulties increased on the third day, and the
distance travelled was reduced to 16 miles. Here Dr. Cook sent his two
supporting Eskimo back. They returned with empty sledges, and although
their dogs had received no food during the previous three days, they
hoped to cover the 63 miles to land in one long day’s travel! They
carried a letter instructing Francke to wait until 5th June 1908, and if
Dr. Cook had not returned he was to place Koolootingwah in charge and go
home, either by the whalers or by Danish ships to the south.
Dr. Cook believed that he had now passed beyond the zone of ice crushed
by the influence of land-pressure. On the morning of the fourth march
the temperature was at the low figure of 63° below zero F., but
fortunately there was no wind. Heiberg Island was now nearly lost to
view. A march of fourteen hours carried the party 29 miles. Soon after
the usual snow-house was built, a storm arose, and a further start was
not made until the afternoon of the following day. From minus 59° the
temperature rose to minus 46°, but the wind made the party feel the
piercing cold very keenly. This march brought them to a great lead
several miles wide. It was covered with ice too thin to be crossed with
safety. A partially bridged place was, however, discovered about a mile
from camp, and the low temperature during the night had strengthened the
ice sufficiently for an attempt to be made to cross it. On snow-shoes,
Dr. Cook led the way with spread legs. In two crossings all the supplies
were landed on the other side.
This was probably an extension westwards of the same lead encountered by
Peary, and may indicate the dividing line between the central polar pack
and the land-ice.
A course was now set to reach the 85th parallel on the 97th meridian. At
noon on the 24th March a satisfactory observation gave the position as
latitude 83° 31′; longitude, 96° 27′. From here a glimpse was obtained
of what was believed to be Crocker Land away to the west.
The bright light of the sun now began to trouble the eyes, but
amber-coloured goggles were found to be a very satisfactory protection.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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