African Americans; United States -- Race relations
Sandersville was the scene of one or two combats during the war. But
when it is borne in mind that only a hundred of Sherman’s army died
from all causes on its march to the sea, it will be understood that
the strife was not serious. Sherman has been called a Prussian, and
he certainly possessed military genius and understood soldiering as
a mental science, but he always tried to save his men. He wished to
win victories with the smallest possible loss of men, and he thought
out his unorthodox plans of campaign with that in view. He could have
lost half his army on this adventurous march to the sea. It was a
most daring exploit, and if it had failed the whole responsibility
would have been laid at Sherman’s door. But Sherman had thought the
matter out, and he completely deceived his enemy. Once more after
Milledgeville Slocum is seen to be threatening Augusta in the north
and Howard is striking south. The cavalry is driving the enemy ahead
and plunges northward to Louisville and Waynesboro, well on the way
to Augusta. The enemy evacuates the central regions of Georgia, and
Sherman’s infantry moves through unscathed. Foraging has become
organized and systematic. The wagons amount to many thousands, and it
is curious that the population did not destroy all vehicles and so
prevent the army from carrying away so much. The doubt which General
Sherman expressed at the beginning of the march that supplies might
prove inadequate has entirely vanished, and the army has a crowd of
Negro camp followers almost as big as itself. These eventually became a
great hindrance, but they were evidently encouraged to join themselves
to the soldiers in the Milledgeville and Sandersville district. They
proved invaluable helps in the seeking out of hidden treasure and the
pillaging of farmhouses. They knew the likely spots where valuables
would be buried, and the soldiers knew how to worm out secrets even
from the most faithful black servants on the big estates. One reason
why Georgia burns and hangs more Negroes than any other State is
probably because of the bitterness caused by the unstinted foraging and
the “setting of the niggers against us” as they say.
Be that as it may, the seeds of future hate are always sown in present
wars, and “Sherman’s bummers” in their quest of spoil took little heed
of any future reckoning. The Negroes led the soldiers even to the
deepest recesses of swamps or forests, and showed the hollow tree or
cave or hole where lay deposited the precious family plate and jewelry
and money and even clothing. It was common to take from the planter not
only hams, flour, meal, yams, sorghum molasses, but above all things
turkeys, so rare to-day along the line of Sherman’s march—
How the turkeys gobbled which our commissaries found,
How the sweet potatoes even started from the ground,
When we were marching thro’ Georgia!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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