The Clarendon County case, which came on for trial before a three-judge Federal court in Charleston May 28-29, 1951, provided the pattern. The pleadings were drafted by Marshall himself and by Robert L. Carter of New York, the two top lawyers for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. (In 1961, Marshall became a Federal circuit judge.) The facts were not in great dispute. At that time, there were in Clarendon County as a whole 6500 Negro children and 2375 white children. District 22 had 684 Negro elementary pupils and 150 Negro high school pupils, plus 102 white elementary pupils and 34 white high school pupils. The Negro pupils of District 22 went to three schoolhouses: Scott Branch (a combined elementary and high school), Liberty Hill, and Rambay. All the white pupils went to the Summerton elementary and high school. It was shown that the facilities for white children, though old (the Summerton high school was built in 1907), were in many respects far superior to the facilities for the Negro children. The two-room Rambay School and the four-room Liberty Hill School had no running water, and Rambay had no electric power. The Negro schools had few of the educational aids provided at Summerton; their playgrounds were inferior; toilet facilities at the two smaller buildings were outside privies. County officials pointed out that neither water nor sewage lines existed in the area of the two schools; in the remote rural section served by Rambay, no electric power was available to anyone; the library for colored pupils at Scott Branch, they said, was superior to the library for white pupils at Summerton; and they denied any discrimination in transportation, janitorial services, and other amenities. As the case went to trial, however, counsel for Clarendon County confessed a general inequality in physical facilities, described a State-wide plan instituted by Governor Byrnes for school improvements, and pledged a prompt effort to achieve equality.