The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial WatersFulton, Thomas Wemyss
History
The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial Waters
Fulton, Thomas Wemyss
Fisheries -- Great Britain; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- History; Sea-power; Territorial waters -- Great Britain -- History
Within two or three years of the accession of James, the project took
more definite form, and was brought before the Privy Council, and it
was carefully considered in 1607. An integral part of the proposal was
that strangers fishing in the British seas should pay tribute to the
king, while the native fishery remained untaxed, and that the tribute
should be farmed out to patentees, as was done with the assize-herrings
in Scotland, who would then establish a national buss fishery and pay
a rent to the crown.[265] There were several schemes of the kind,
but the one which received most attention was put forward by a Mr
Richard Rainsford, acting on behalf of a number of London merchants,
who aimed at forming an association to be called the Society of
Fishing Merchants. In 1608 the proposals were referred to the Earl of
Northampton, Lord Privy Seal, and the Earl of Devonshire, who commended
them as being for the public good, and early next year a formal and
detailed scheme was prepared.[266] In the preamble stress was laid on
the fact that the Hollanders and other nations had their principal
fishing on his Majesty’s coasts and seas, “whose soveraignty ought
therein to be acknowledged, not only to procure thereby payment of
his Majesty’s duties of fishing, but also to have his kingdom provided
with fish at such reasonable rates and prices as other nations have
maintained thereby navigation and mariners; and setting of an infinite
number of subjects on work within the realm of England and Scotland
to strengthen his Majesty’s dominion by sea and land, as the chief
point of a most commendable Union,” that is to say, a union of England
and Scotland, the idea of which was still in the mind of James. The
justification for imposing a tribute on foreign fishermen, which was
to be in kind, was the king’s right to the tithe, “grounded by ancient
customs and records of his Majesty’s predecessors demanding the tenth
fish; whereunto three things were required: (1) how his Majesty’s tithe
and right can be evidently proved; (2) precedents, that other kings
and princes have and do the like in their seas; (3) that it shall
give no cause of offence to other princes or states to move war.” The
second part of the project was to build a “competent number” of ships
or busses yearly, and so to re-establish the fishing trade which,
it was said, one Violet Stephens and other discontented fishmongers
from England had transferred to Enkhuisen and other places in Holland
some ninety years earlier, teaching the Dutch to come and fish in the
British seas--a false tale current in England in the reign of James.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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