The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial WatersFulton, Thomas Wemyss
History
The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial Waters
Fulton, Thomas Wemyss
Fisheries -- Great Britain; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- History; Sea-power; Territorial waters -- Great Britain -- History
We have mentioned that late in 1618 James caused the Scottish Council
to send a vessel (the _Restore_) to the Shetlands to demand the
assize-herrings from the Dutchmen, and that it arrived on the scene
too late. Next year he resolved to be in time, and while the Dutch
ambassadors were still in London he wrote to the Council saying it was
necessary “for divers imperative reasons” that the duties should still
be craved, and requesting them to send a ship that summer with some
discreet person on board, “who in fair terms may require our duties
of the said Hollanders and report their answer”; and the Council were
desired to take special care that the business should not fail through
negligence.[370] At a meeting of the Council at Holyrood House on
29th June, arrangements were made to carry out the king’s wishes. Mr
John Fenton was appointed “his Majesty’s commissioner” for “craving
his Majesty’s rent of assize and teind from the Hollanders and other
strangers fishing in his Majesty’s seas,” and a Mr James Brown was
instructed to accompany him as notary.[371] Fenton’s commission, under
the great seal, commanded him to repair to the north seas, and there
“in his Majesty’s name to ask, crave, receive, intromit with, and
uplift from those of Holland, Zealand, Hamburg, Embden, and Rostock,
and from all other strangers following the trade of fishing in his
Majesty’s said seas this present year, his Majesty’s rent of assize
and teind of the whole fishes taken, or to be taken by them in his
Majesty’s said seas and waters this present year.” The tribute levied
by John Brown, in 1616, on behalf of the Duke of Lennox, amounted to
only one angel (about ten shillings) or a barrel of herrings from
each buss, or twelve cod from a line-boat. But that claimed by the
king was now considerably greater. The “assize” was to be computed at
ten thousand herrings (which would be fully ten barrels) for every
buss that fished for herrings, and a last of white fish for every
buss that fished for white fish, that is to say, cod and ling; or,
if the fishermen preferred to pay in money, they were to pay at the
rate of £6, 13s. 4d. Scots for every thousand of the assize-herrings,
and at the rate of £50 Scots for every last of the assize white fish;
and the same equivalents were to be asked for each thousand “teind
herrings,” and for each last of “teind white fish,”--a new duty now
first mentioned, “teinds” being the Scottish term for ecclesiastical
tithes. The value of the assize-herrings to be levied from each buss
was thus about £5, 11s. 1d. sterling, and the value of the assize white
fish from each dogger about £4, 3s. 4d. On the basis of two thousand
Dutch herring vessels the total duty would amount to the respectable
sum of about £11,000, while the dogger-boats would yield some £1500
additional. On receiving payment Fenton was to give an “aquittance
and discharge,” which would be as valid and sufficient as if given
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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