The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial WatersFulton, Thomas Wemyss
History
The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial Waters
Fulton, Thomas Wemyss
Fisheries -- Great Britain; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- History; Sea-power; Territorial waters -- Great Britain -- History
The “additional evidences” brought forward by Needham comprised the
proclamation of James in 1609, and of Charles in 1636, forbidding
unlicensed fishing; some of the letters that passed between the English
Government and their ambassadors at The Hague; extracts from Sir John
Boroughs’ _Sovereignty of the British Seas_, which was first published
in the previous year; and a few other papers of little importance. The
purpose of the book was better served by Needham’s bitter if rather
frothy invective against the Dutch, and by his ranting appeals to
English patriotism to conquer the foe and establish our interests on
the sea beyond the possibility of future question.[740]
Selden was still alive, and the translation was doubtless made with
his concurrence, whatever he may have thought of it. He was himself
soon drawn into the controversy which the book evoked. Graswinckel,
the Dutch lawyer who had been chosen by the States-General in 1636 to
reply to Selden’s _Mare Clausum_, and whose neglected treatise had
ever since being lying in the secret archives at The Hague, again
entered the lists. His shaft was ostensibly directed against a certain
Italian writer, P. B. Burgus, who had published a work eleven years
before in support of the right of Genoa to the dominion of the Ligurian
Sea.[741] There was no apparent reason why the Dutch lawyer should
be at the pains to attempt to refute a claim so remote and after so
long an interval; but Burgus quoted largely from _Mare Clausum_, and
Graswinckel seized upon the opportunity to attack Selden, and to
gratify his feelings by making use of his early abortive treatise,
under the guise of replying to the Italian author. And his attack
on Selden was very bitter.[742] On the main question, the familiar
arguments were adduced against the appropriation of seas, with the
usual seasoning of Scriptural and classical quotations; the historical
claims of England to the sovereignty of the sea were treated in a
sarcastic and bantering spirit, and the authenticity of some of the
records cited by Selden was questioned; while he said that in many
respects the Hollanders were the real lords of the British seas. But
he made a personal attack on Selden, accusing him of having written
_Mare Clausum_ in order to get out of prison.[743] Selden made a strong
reply, explaining the circumstances under which his treatise was
written, and entering into a minute description of the documents which
Graswinckel suggested he had invented; but on the controversy as to the
dominion of the seas he contributed nothing new.[744]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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