Notre Dame, Cathedral of, at Antwerp, 20; 228; well cover made by Quentin Matsys, 401; description of, 440-442. Notre Dame de Pamela, church of, at Audenaerde, 387-389. Notre Dame, church of, at Bruges, 50-53; remains of Charles the Bold placed in, 292; 303; 306. Notre Dame, church of, at Courtrai, 162-163. Notre Dame au delà de la Dyle, church of, at Malines, 316; description, 327-328. Notre Dame d'Hanswyck, church of, at Malines, 316; description, 328-329. Notre Dame, Cathedral of, at Tournai, 245; description, 255-262. O Order of the Golden Fleece, 58; 172; 175; established by Philip the Good, 221-222; fêtes at Lille, 227; Tournai tapestries ordered for, 279; chapter at Malines, 334; at Antwerp, 412; portrait of Charles V wearing insignia of, 376. Ostende, part of the Franc of Bruges, 59; 102; canal from Nieuport to, 103; 324; 359; on main tourist routes, 464; great siege of 1601-1603, 465-469; renown as a watering place since 1830, 470; description of the _Digue_, the Esplanade and the beach, 471-472; summer prices at, 472-473; the Kursaal, 473-477; the Estacade, 477-478; last glimpses of, 478-479. Orleans, Duke of, 220; 233. Ortelius, 431. Oudenaarde, Jan van, 72. P Pape, Simon de, early painter of Audenaerde, 384; 389. Parma, Duke of, captures Ypres, 144; besieges Tournai, 249; son of Margaret of Parma, 378; Regent of the Netherlands, 379; 414; siege of Antwerp, 419-422; 447; siege of Ostende, 465. Pauwels, Ferdinand, 121-122. Pavia, Battle of, 62. Pembroke, Duke of, 70. Péronne, 138; Louis XI visits Charles the Bold at, 288; 293. Péterinck, François, maker of fine porcelains at Tournai, 280. Philibert II, Duke of Savoy, 335. Philip of Alsace, Count of Flanders, grants charters to many Flemish cities, 55; 59; grants the _Keurbrief_, 59-61; 87; 129; builds Spuytorre at Courtrai, 164; erects Château des Comtes at Ghent, 171; 173; 189. Philip Augustus, King of France, 135-136; 138; 153; Treaty of Arras, 189; annexes Tournai, 248; painting of, at Tournai, 274. Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, 90; 124; removes clock at Courtrai, 148; rebuilds Spuytorre at Courtrai, 164; marries Margaret of Maele, 183; significance of this event, 205-206; acknowledged as Count of Flanders, 218; arranges the marriages of Cambrai, 218-219; death, 220; court painter of, 230-231; 397. Philippe de Champaigne, 376. Philip the Fair (Philippe le Bel), King of France, 153; annexes Flanders, 154; at Bruges, 155; rage over the Matin de Bruges, 156; defeated at Courtrai, 157-160; sheriffs of, besieged at Ghent, 177.