Ypres, at the time of the Crusades, 13; fortified by Baldwin II, 34; execution of Provost of St. Donatian at, 40-41; receives charter from Philip of Alsace, 55; stubborn defence in the Great War, 116-118; _Halle aux Draps_, or Cloth Hall, 118-125; church of St. Martin, 125-126; Grande Place, 126-129; Musée Merghelynck, 139-140; rue de Lille and ancient city walls, 141-143; causes of decline, 143-145; language spoken at, 159; guildsmen of, at Battle of the Spurs, 157; 190; 192; 198-199; influence of Jacques Van Artevelde in, 200; 202; Melchior Broederlam, early painter of, 230-231; 304; Hotel de Ville destroyed by the Germans, 482. Ysenbrant, Adriaen, early painter of Bruges, 301. Yser Canal, limit of the German advance, 94; the locks, the river and the three canals, 103-104. Z Zee-Brugge, from the sea, 16. Zeghers, Gerard, religious pictures of, 453. Zwyn, ancient channel to Bruges, 16-17; 59; silting up of, 70-71; replaced by the Scheldt, as channel of commerce, 394-395; 398.