BLEEDING should in such accidents immediately precede every other consideration; it unloads the vessels, prevents local stagnation, and sometimes a general stiffness of the quarter in which the injury has been sustained. Where either the season of the year prevents, or an opportunity to turn out cannot be obtained, the only alternative, hot fomentations, and stimulative embrocations, must be adopted. In strains of the hip, the horse in general draws his leg after him with a painful reluctance; and if impelled to a _trot_, is observed to drop upon his heel. If the injury is in the stifle, by treading on the toe, his motion is a kind of _hop_ with the side affected. Strains of the hock are easily discovered, by a sort of limping twist in that joint at every motion of the leg. Lamenesses of the _hip_, _stifle_, and _hock_, are more likely to be assisted by external applications, judiciously prescribed, than those which are more deeply seated. The ligamentary junction of the pastern joints are sometimes greatly weakened by incessant work and little rest; in unerring proof of which, they frequently make sudden _drops_, as if falling to the ground. The knees of many are affected in the same way, and overhang the shank-bone and fetlock-joint; the moment a tendency to which is perceived, any horse should be turned out to enjoy the rest he is so individually entitled to, for want of which salutary and humane attention, very many good and useful horses have been completely ruined and destroyed. There is no part of a horse more liable to strains, than the back sinews of the forelegs; they are materially concerned in every description of labour, and are always in proportional danger. Whenever these happen, there is no difficulty in making the discovery; there is an evident enlargement, with inflammatory tension; and if one leg only is affected, it is generally placed before the other, and rather upon the toe. In slight cases of this kind, fomentations of hot vinegar, and strengthening embrocations, assisted by rest, may produce a restoration; but, in general practice, without blistering, firing, or both, a permanent cure is seldom obtained. SPUR—is the well-known weapon with which the heel of the horseman is armed to enforce his authority; and which the well-broke horse will always instantly obey.