The Squirrel Hunters of Ohio; or, Glimpses of Pioneer LifeJones, N. E. (Nelson Edward)
History
The Squirrel Hunters of Ohio; or, Glimpses of Pioneer Life
Jones, N. E. (Nelson Edward)
Frontier and pioneer life -- Ohio; Ohio -- History -- 1787-1865; Ohio -- Social life and customs
At times these little animals became so numerous and destructive to
crops they were more to be feared than is the rabbit in California or
grasshopper in Kansas. For many years, settlers were obliged to guard
their fields when planted with corn, or droves of foraging bands would
dig up the hills and eat the growing grains; when the crops matured,
they were still more destructive, and boys when quite young were
taught to handle the rifle, and when employed as guards became expert
marksmen. Most every one old enough to use a gun could put a ball
through the head of a squirrel three times in five or better on the
topmost boughs of the lofty hardwood timber which covered the face of
the country.
The amount of forest was so extensive and undisturbed that the squirrel
at times increased to a degree which made him disastrous to crops in
spite of guards, guns, traps, and “deadfalls,” and caused him to become
a subject for legislation, encouraging his destruction by obligations
and rewards. When becoming too numerous, and subsistence scarce, they
migrate to other parts, and often in numbers so great it would require
many days for the marching column of several miles in width to pass any
given point. The Ohio river was a favorable place to capture and kill
them, as they arrived on shore weak and wet. Many were drowned in the
attempt to swim. The inhabitants along the river at such times made it
a business to kill them by wagon loads to feed and fatten hogs.
The country through which an army of this kind marched left nothing
out doors in the way of subsistence. The first migration of this kind
causing serious alarm occurred in 1807 directly after corn-planting;
and in all the southern counties of the state, it became impossible
to guard the fields, and continued so long that the corn crop was a
failure over a large extent of country, and farmers were obliged to buy
grain for bread.
The legislature was appealed to, and a statute enacted the same year,
making it imperative for every person within the state, subject to
the payment of tax, to furnish a specified number of squirrel scalps,
to be determined by the trustees of the township, whose duty it was
to give the lister the number required from each individual. This was
intended as a tax in addition to other taxes, making the penalty for
refusal or neglect the same as that of a delinquent tax-payer. And
a non-tax-payer, and tax-payers furnishing scalps in excess of the
required number, were entitled to two cents per scalp, to be paid from
the funds of the county. But, with all the boys and guns and other
devices for destruction to keep the number down to a minimum, the
usual amount seemed but little changed, and squirrel raids continued,
occasionally, all the same.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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