FIG. 250. (S. 1–6.) Illustrates 14 axes from the collection of J. A. Rayner, Piqua, Ohio. These were all found in the Miami Valley about Piqua. Five of them are of Class “A,” the others, Class “B.” They are typical Ohio axes, for the most part large and heavy. Such, it is not supposed, were carried any distance, but were used about the camp or in the woods. ] [Illustration: FIG. 251. (S. about 1–3.) It seems to me that not a few axes were made from chipped or broken fragments of rock. Doubtless some were the result of working down rejects or angular fragments. But most of them are water-worn pebbles, slightly flat, and generally oval. The axe owned by S. D. Mitchell, of Ripon, Wisconsin, and shown in this figure, is a splendid example of the pebble grooved, pecked, and ground to an edge. This implement is just as serviceable as the highly polished axe. Moreover, the form is slightly adze-like. The longer it was in use, the more even and polished would become the surfaces. Throughout New England and Pennsylvania there are many axes which might be placed in the class of chipped objects; for a chipped object may be an axe as well as something else. And for that matter there are shell and bone arrow-heads, yet they are not placed in the class, “chipped objects.” ] [Illustration: FIG. 252. (S. 1–3.); showing two broad, short axes from near Salem, Massachusetts. The material is porphyry and diorite. Both of these were originally much longer, became broken, and were worked down. Peabody Museum, Salem, collection. ] [Illustration: FIG. 253. (S. 1–6.) Two ordinary short axes and three long narrow axes approaching the grooved gouge in form. At the top is a narrow double-edged celt-like object. Collection of A. E. Kilbourne, East Hartford, Connecticut. ] [Illustration: FIG. 254. (S. 1–4.) Illustrating six axes from the collection of W. A. Holmes of Chicago. Five are of the flat back and one with the groove entirely surrounding the specimen. The ridges on either side of the grooves are of varying prominence. These six axes are from Indiana, Illinois, and Kentucky. ] [Illustration: FIG. 255. (S. 1–3.) Two large axes from the collection of H. M. Braun, East St. Louis, Illinois. The specimen to the left is of Classes “B” and “C,” being both grooved and pointed. Similar large axes have been found in Ohio, and one or two weighing as much as twenty pounds are in the Smithsonian collection, and one of about sixteen pounds in the collection of the Ohio State University. ]