The stone age in North America, vol. 1 of 2Moorehead, Warren K. (Warren King)
History
The stone age in North America, vol. 1 of 2
Moorehead, Warren K. (Warren King)
Indians of North America -- Antiquities; Stone age -- North America
The Andover collection contains a broken gorget of curious, mottled
stone. It was found in the Connecticut Valley. There were two
perforations, one on either side of the centre. The one that remains
shows unmistakable wearing in the perforation. The specimen is not a
work of art, but it is one of the most important in this entire series,
if not in the whole museum, because it clearly and positively indicates
that two strings were put through the opening, and the wearing is on
such side of the perforation as could come from two strings and not from
one. The wearing is at the right of the perforation on one side, and at
the left of it on the other. Further, the specimen was worn across the
body or at least tied across something rather than in a vertical
position; the thong or cord slipped and caused the wearing. To the
suggestion that the specimen should show wearing on four sides of the
perforation rather than on two, it may be remarked that the string while
flat and tight against one surface was tied to something on the other
side that elevated or brought it out more from the perforation. Possibly
this may seem ambiguous, but if one experiments with strings, as has
been done, he will observe that it is impossible for one string to cause
the wearings indicated. One string drawn back and forth will cause a
polish on the edges of the perforation at the same places on either
side.
The more one studies these objects the firmer becomes the conviction
that the term gorget, as applied to some of them as a class, is
misleading or even more than misleading. That most of them are gorgets
one may not deny. That a lesser number are not gorgets we are free to
affirm; that the bulk of them one cannot positively assign to this
purpose or that purpose is quite probable.
The study indicated in the description of these various specimens is
based on the collections in the Peabody Museum, the Phillips Academy
Museum, and previous studies on the same types in the joint museums of
the State University and Historical Society of Columbus, together with
extensive reading. As to the examination of the individual specimens, a
number show wearing in such a manner as to preclude the idea of
suspension as gorgets, as this term is understood. Now the term gorget
indicates an ornament of one type or another suspended about the neck or
upon the chest. The wearing in such place as has been noted could only
have resulted from the tying of these specimens, or the fastening of
them with two, three, or even four strings, each stretched to a tension
so as to hold the object firmly. The wearing would naturally occur at
points very different from those which would be in evidence if the
object was simply suspended by means of one string. Again, the form, in
instances, precludes the idea of the gorget.
Certain forms, from their positions on skeletons in burial-places or by
means of reliable evidence on the part of travelers, one can safely call
ornamental gorgets.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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